As representações do passado argentino e a Nueva Escuela Histórica: as contribuições de Ricardo Levene e de Guillermo Furlong (1910-1960)

Abstract

This Thesis aims to understand what Nueva Escuela Histórica was and its relation to the Argentine historical and institutional context between the years 1910 and 1960, which covers the Centenary and the Sesquicentenary of the May 1810 Revolution, taking into account the construction of political-institutional strategies to establish patterns of historical epistemology and representation of the Argentine past based on the trajectories of Ricardo Levene and Guillermo Furlong SJ. The analysis comes from the group of historians who, in Argentina in the first decades of the twentieth century, established a way of making history, which would be considered, in later decades, a reference in relation to scientific epistemology. Thus, the formation of Nueva Escuela Histórica as a group is approached - in the period between 1911 and 1916 - in the Sección de Historia / Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas of the Facultad de Filosofía y Letras of the Universidad de Buenos Aires, the bonds that were built, over the years, among men like Emilio Ravigani, Ricardo Levene, Luis María Torres, Rómulo Carbia and Diego Luis Molinari, as well as the projects - individual or collective - that they have presented and developed. Levene and Furlong's trajectories are isolated in order to discuss both the way they both built their careers, and to understand the limits of Nueva Escuela Histórica as a group. We also focus on the productions - including the year 1910, which marks the celebrations of the Centenary of the May Revolution, and 1960, the year of the Sesquicentenary of the same historical fact - by both historians, due to their participation in a series of publications and celebrations of national events. These projects ended up, at certain times, bringing together, again, the members of the Nueva Escuela Histórica and, also, building narratives about the past of the Argentine nation, in contexts in which the versions acquired specific meanings.