A Paz perpétua à luz da teoria moral em Kant

Abstract

This dissertation has as objective to approach the issue of the moral reflection in Kant’s political writing about Perpetual Peace. The study arise of an analytical and interpretative approachof Kant’s moral philosophy, specially developed by Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, includingsome inroads in Critique of Pure Reason, in order to, henceforth, highlight his unfolding in the reflection about the political philosophy which expatiate on its aims, structure and the means to reach the peace between Nations. For this purpose, the concepts about the moral comprehension in Kant are worked as the value of the goodwillthe moral law and the formulas of duty, stand out subsequently the necessity of permanent peace: such as the arguments for the peace and the idea of cosmopolitanism, these considerations will bring moral sustentation about the perpetual peace. Kant believes that the permanent peace is the process to be developed in the human along journey, seeking the construction of the autonomous and moral subject, therefore, a free individual. The peace subject needs to be constituted according to such precepts, guaranteed through of an exquisite moral that take away it of the minority state and conduct it to the maturity,in quest for a cosmopolitan State, whom guarantees the peace permanently. Pursuant to Kantian theory, the society could not have other constitution that does not be republican-for being funded on liberty principles, of dependency in a communal legislation and of equality among citizens itself. When the subject and the State are in full-fledge harmony, where do not have injustices nether privileges, it will be, in the same way, uncovering the highway for the implantation of what Kant named as State of Nation. Having this in mind, perhaps, this could be concretized for the construction of a Cosmoethics Mundial State.