Transcendência imanente: Ernst Tugendhat e a mística

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the intentionally ambiguous concept of transcendence in the immanent, present in the work of Ernst Tugendhat Egocentricidy and Mystic. Whether is through the study of his later philosophy a response more satisfactory reply to the question of the aspect of human life which is the base for the search for religion and which has ledman to the mystic. The touchstone of this investigation is in the analysis of the predicative structure of the language, presented by the author as being a basic element for the characterization of a specific one of the human being. The language of man differentiates from all other animal languages which puts it in the space of deliberation, therefore, in a situation of indetermination and desire for spiritual peace. Given the predicative structure of human language, we are capable of distancing ourselves from objects and situations in which we must act and of even ourselves – our intentions – we are then led to doubts about who or what we are, as well as what we must be. Predicative language and the consequent instrumental thought, open space for deliberation, distancing man from his way of life and leading him to question reasons for remaining in it. Tugendhat points to deliberation with regard to orientation, for a scale of values, choices no longer guided by pleasure or inclination, that is, a way for a mystic which the philosopher will present by means of the immanent perspective. In the first half of this dissertation I present the anthropological basis for the mystic as it is conceived by Tugendhat. In the second half I discuss, following the author's path, death as a way for the mystic and, starting from the difference between mysticism and religion, some eastern mystical traditions, especially Taoism.