Competitividade internacional do Brasil nos períodos 2002/2008 e 2011/2016 : uma observação via constant-market-share

Abstract

The main objective of this study, based on literature types for the international competitiveness, is to observe the behavior of the competitiveness of Brazilian sectoral exports after the 2008 crisis, classified by technological intensity, and to compare the results with those of Latin America, in order to evaluate the position of Brazil, based on the literature that deals with international competitiveness. For this, the analysis was divided into two periods: 2002-2008 and 2011-2016. And for the sectoral division, the taxonomy of Pavitt was used. With the application of the Constant-Market-Share model, it was possible to obtain the quantified result in four effects: World Trade Effect; Effect Composition of Tariff; Effect of Market Distribution and Competitive Effect. It was verified that the main source of growth of the Brazilian exports and of the Latin American countries was the growth of the international demand. It was also possible to verify that Brazilian exports may be suffering from the "reprimarization" of the tariff because there is still a great dependence on the export of commodities. This shows that the initial hypothesis is partially correct, since there was a loss of competitiveness in more dynamic sectors, but, on the other hand, there was a gain in competitiveness in low value added sectors.