Processos comunicacionais Kaingang: configurações e sentidos da identidade cultural, memória e mídia em perspectiva histórica

Abstract

This research problematizes the configurations of the cultural identity in the communicational and historical dimensions; within the context of the ethnical group Kaingang, focusing on the public?s way of being and their peculiar interactions with the medias. Our goal is to understand the marks of the mediated ethos in the intersections of ancestral and contemporary cultures, having as a base the expansion of the mediatic culture in inequality and exclusion conditions which constitute our complex cultural diversity and its expression in the communication field. These configurations are investigated in the scope of the links with television and the demand for an indigenous social visibility, having as an empirical objective the narratives that emerge in the histories of communicational lives of the interlocutors/listeners/TV viewers/readers that belong to Kaingang groups situated in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre. During the collection and translation of the narratives, a methodology inspired by the intercultural thought and the dialogic hermeneutics of difference, which imbricates recognition and redistribution, using the resources of oral history, anthropology and geographical human materialism, in order to conjugate the reception research in a critical and dialectical perspective as social history. In this comprehension, the affinities of millennial and communication matrices, as the orality and television genres, in a set of social, cultural, historical and political mediations identified in the itinerancy, in the collective memory and in the political organization of the Kaingang. The intercultural subject is, therefore, understood in the relations of material and symbolic survival in the cities, in the fight for its territory and in its perception as Indians of tradition, and in its historical construction as public by the structuring of tastes, competencies, interpellations and conflicts in relation to the images of the mediatic Indian, which show the clashes to demarcate their role in the communication field, as shared ambiance and as social arena of sense. This way, the cultural identity is translated in constructive multiplicity, articulating the fight for land and ethnical affirmation, through the temporality of TV viewers and citizens, on the mixture of ancestral, global, local, urban, hegemonic and counter-hegemonic cultures, which compose the native forms of social visibility in the communicative field.