Auto-organização em um time scrum: uma compreensão a luz do paradigma sistêmico-complexo

Abstract

Self-organization of project teams is one of the six characteristics identified by Takeuchi; Nonaka (1986) that gives companies flexibility and speed in the development of products and solutions. Schwaber (1997) incorporated this characteristic when creating a new approach to software development process which he called Scrum, being currently one of the most used agile methods in the world according to CollabNet VersionOne (2019). According to Heylighen (2002), Self-Organization arose from many different scientific fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, cybernetics and is directly related to Complexity Theory and Systemic Thinking, with exponents Edgar Morin and Fritjof Capra respectively, giving rise to the Systemic-Complex Paradigm. This study aimed to understand the Self-Organization in a Scrum Team, in the light of the Systemic-Complex Paradigm, based on the principles of recursion, hologramaticity and dialogic proposed by Morin. A qualitative methodological approach was used, through action-research, in a team that used the Scrum proposed in Scrum Guide by Schwaber; Sutherland (2020) in a large Information Technology company. As a result, the relationships of the people were analyzed and the influence of the Environment (external to the team) was understood, considering the complexities and actors involved, of the Whole (team) with the creation of Systemic Maps and Computational Modeling of Scrum and the Self-Organization, and of the Parts (team members), where 31 factors were found that influence the Self-Organization of the members of the Scrum Team. From this, the relationship of Scrum with the Systemic-Complex Paradigm was established and opportunities for improvement in the Self-Organization process of a team using Scrum in software development were identified.