Um estudo da adoção de padrões de produção sustentáveis na cadeia da soja na amazônia legal

Abstract

This study aimed to understand the adoption and the employment of patterns of sustainable production in the agri-food chain of soybean in the Amazon region. The theoretical guidelines for the research were: Transaction Cost Theory, Resource-Based View and Social Exchange Theory. The objective was to understand how contract and relational connections take place for the adoption of patterns of sustainable production. The research approach used was qualitative with a case study. Data was collected through the Snowball Sampling Technique, with a semi-structured questionnaire script, which was used to interview those in charge of the processing and certifying companies, SEMA, Aprosoja, ICV, CAT, UFMT, EMBRAPA and a group of nine soybean producers associated to CAT who work in the Amazon region and adopt patterns of sustainable production. Data was evaluated through the Content Analysis Technique, whose results suggest that the adoption and employment of patterns are taking place to meet the necessities of the external market. The information related to the soybean agri-food chain contributes to the validation of the supply-chain theory, which, for the model studied, is coordinated by support entities aiming to integrate the supply chain and external market connection. The use of these theories in the soybean agri-food chain and the adoption of patterns of sustainable production allowed to determine that the contract and relational governance existing among the links involved has the objective of standardizing, guiding, encouraging and easing practices which are less aggressive to the environment. For the case studied, among the producers it was concluded that the theories complement each other. With the study finished, it is possible to realize that this research helps prove that, in the Amazon region, there are producers concerned in showing they use correct environmental and social formats. However, new studies are necessary to compare if the contract and relational governance is present in other models of pattern adoption, as well as to discover which are the main conflicts and difficulties faced by the producers to employ patterns of sustainable production.