Estratégias para a cobertura do rastreamento populacional do câncer de colo de útero e de mama em uma área rural da estratégia de Saúde da Família de Caxias - Maranhão

Abstract

Objective: To develop strategies to improve population screening for cervical and breast cancer developed by the Health Strategy Caxirimbu Family, Caxias - Maranhão. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study with interventional step. The sample was random and in the interests 211 of women aged 38-69 years in the period from April 1 to September 01, 2015, as the distribution of residences, censitary, in the health districts of Caxirimbu and criteria selection. The georeferencing technique was used to obtain geographical information with GPS coordinates. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, expressed as mean, standard deviation, using the statistical program SPSS version 21.0. Results: 211 women were interviewed in the age group 38-69 years in the period from April 01 to September 01, 2015. Of the 211 women, at most 94% had conducted the examination of cytology and 63% had undergone mammography tracking. Among the risk factors associated with cervical cancer is observed that the prevalence of HPV is low (2.4%), 82.5% of women do not use condoms, 7.1% of sexually transmitted diseases. Among the risk factors for breast cancer, 77.7% were over 55 years old; 9.5% had menarche before 12 years of age; 4.7% were nulliparous; 6.6% had never breastfed, 1.4% had undergone hormonal replacement therapy> 5 years; 4.3 had menopause after age 55; 48.3% smoked; 22.3% had a BMI> 30; 60.7% sedentary; 12.8% used alcohol; 99.1% shorter than 1,70cm and 7.1% with a history of breast cancer in the family. Conclusion: despite the low level of education, coverage of cervical examination reached the recommended target, which did not occur with mammography. The tools produced for the service were essential to organize the strategic model tracking unit.