Proposta de gestão ambiental, saúde e segurança do trabalho em postos de lavagem de veículos (automóveis)

Abstract

It is remarkable and indisputable the large increase in the fleet of vehicles in general, for regular or professional use. The national prediction for 2015 is that 5 million cars will be produced. The result is an increase in demand in parallel of some growth related needs, for example, washing the cars. Thinking about it under the environmental, occupational health and safety point of view, this kind of work might cause environmental impacts and risks / dangers for the society. Some examples are: 1) the presence of hydrocarbon compounds (oil, fuel), which, besides having a high level of environmental impacts, are framed by the Ministry of Labour Ordinance 3214/78 - NR 15 as an unhealthy agent, 2) risks of occupational injuries (cuts and amputations) by using spray equipment, 3) water consumption, which is a finite resource and its use is very extensive in this type of activity. The important issue is that the number of such establishments in the country is high, and most of them do not have environmental care and / or related to health and safety (OHS) of their employees. Therefore, this study aimed to diagnose the conditions of environmental management and health and worker safety (OH & S) from the companies that perform vehicle washing process with a focus on car washing. Besides the diagnosis, the research aims to identify and classify the environmental aspects / impacts and risks / dangers to OSH and finally, from aspects / impacts and risks / hazards significantly identified, proposes improvements in processes to ensure compliance with applicable legislation. For that the methodology of the study was conducted in 3 stages: diagnosis of 14 branch companies; methodology definition, identification and assessment of environmental aspects / impacts and risks / hazards; proposing improvements in HSE management. The results showed that: 1) among the business premises studied, only 01 of these (7%) has water reuse and about 20% of them uses the rainwater as an alternative supply, 2) the most concerning situation is that only 21% of the work environments are considered safe and healthy and meet the standards of the Ministry of Labour and only 28% of the studied workers make daily use of Personal Protective Equipment; 3) from 10 environmental aspects and 16 environmental impacts related to the activity, 07 environmental impacts were considered significant (44%) and require immediate actions to be taken; 4) from the total of 15 risks and hazards identified for the SSO process, 10 were considered significant (67%) and require immediate actions to be taken