http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/1648 PPG Direito Sun, 12 Apr 2026 09:16:04 GMT 2026-04-12T09:16:04Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13968 O Ministério Público entre a fotografia, o desenho e a moldura: uma análise do papel do Ministério Público no processo penal constitucional com zoom no cumprimento da vista do art. 610, caput do CPP no âmbito de apelações criminais julgadas pelo TJRS no ano de 2023 Vilela, Tafate Viana Dias This research, from the phenomenological-hermeneutic method, combined with the analytical-descriptive method, aimed to photograph how the fulfillment of the provisions in the caput of Article 610 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CPP) occurs, which provides for a period of 5 (five) days for the brazilian Public Prosecutor's Office upon the arrival of criminal appeals in the second degree of jurisdiction, and to analyze its compatibility with constitutional criminal procedure, especially regarding the efficient observance of the guarantee of parity of arms. From the analysis of 85 criminal appeals judged by the 8 Criminal Chamber of the Court of Justice of Rio Grande do Sul, it was found that, applying the quantitative approach, on occasion of the aforementioned legal provision, a period of 15 days was granted for a "opinion," during which the brazilian Public Prosecuter submits written opinions on the judged matter, and that a considerable part of the manifestations was contrary to the defensive recourse hypotheses. In light of the identification of a non-legislated utilized space, the study sought, drawing from the legal and institutional history of the Public Prosecutor's Office, using the qualitative approach and the descriptive-qualitative method, possible justifications for this, that is, the traits that led to the photographed design. It was observed that there is a significant institutional effort to consolidate itself among the prominent State Institutions, as well as to establish and maintain insignias such as "guardian of the law" and "representative of society," in which considerable activity of institutional policy and the management of imaginaries, such as the vulnerability of civil society to legitimize itself in these roles, was identified. Additionally, other peculiarities of the State itself and the previously unstable characteristic of the functions exercised by prosecutors were noted to justify this "desire" for institutionalization and the constant demonstration of the need for the expansion of activities. From this, the study sought in the framework surrounding the practice, that is, in criminal procedural law, its compatibility and even the historical-legislative justifications for it, in which it was perceived that the identified prominence is largely due to an imaginary that the Public Prosecutor acts as an impartial guardian, making this practice, even though it allows less space for the accused person, often not even discussed or distrusted. Thus, it was established, from the doctrine explored, that the fact that the Public Prosecutor performs oversight by constitutional order does not attribute any impartiality to it, which is not possible within the scope of constitutional criminal procedure, because this exacerbates the already evident and legally relevant and recognized inequality between the prosecution and the accused person. Furthermore, it was found that even the institution itself does not expect a different performance from the members who act as legal opinion in the second degree, which demonstrates the need for a modification of the practice, in order to ensure the efficient observance of the parity of arms, under penalty of delegitimizing the criminal process in which the constitutional guarantees are not the determinants of the actions of procedural actors. Thu, 16 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13968 2025-01-16T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13967 O advogado como ator social: o papel político da advocacia numa perspectiva sistêmica Schell, Sophie Bilheri This dissertation aims to analyze law and its role in society from a systemic perspective, especially the arguments that can serve as justification for a certain stronghold of political power, taking into account the social function of the profession based on the communication of the legal system with other social systems. The research places the lawyer at the center of the debate as a catalyst for communication between the legal system and other systems, from the perspective of Niklas Luhmann's Theory of Social Systems, which conceives social systems as functionally differentiated, autopoietic, self-referential and endowed with meaning, seeking to identify the logic of the intersystemic communication of law invoked by its role as an operator of Law. The research problem was delimited based on the observation of the growing movement of devaluation of law in recent decades, which suggests the lawyer's distancing from the value systems that governed the profession in its beginnings and may present itself as a social consequence of misuse of its influence as guardian of the psychic system of Law (communication) in the political processes of society. This analysis will be presented in three chapters, containing specific excerpts about the issues that will be developed, with the first chapter seeking to identify the premises for understanding the subject's place in systemic theory, analyzing historical aspects of law and the concepts of systems theory social. The second chapter will analyze the lawyer as a social actor from a systemic perspective, as well as law as an organization, within the three dimensions of organizational culture (communication, knowledge stock and value systems); the third chapter will be dedicated to analyzing the future of law in terms of curricular adequacy in universities, given the evident increase in systemic risks and dangers caused by the practice of full law, due to the fact that we live in a risk society, seeking to formulate some prevention hypotheses of risks, from university education, to the encouragement of legislation that promotes non-speculative protection of the activity and instigating the recovery of the spirit of law in the struggles for the realization of social rights in Brazil, as recommended by article 133 of the Federal Constitution of 1988. Tue, 14 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13967 2025-01-14T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13964 Senso comum teórico (racista) dos juristas: o juiz das garantias em um modelo processual inquisitório que aprofunda a seletividade do negro no sistema penal Benites, Muriel Fernanda Ferreira The current state of the carceral system in Brazil will be revisited through a critical analysis of the pre-defined stereotyping of incarcerated individuals, often shaped by a racist Theoretical Common Sense among jurists. This research primarily aims to prompt reflection on the construction of eugenic ideological presuppositions disseminated in the discourses of scientists and theorists over the years. It will explore their significant influence as a determinant factor in the predominant incarceration of Black individuals in Brazil, from police approaches to sentence fulfillment. Under the theoretical framework of Adilson José Moreira, the study will evaluate the construction of race and its intersection with Brazilian racial sociology. These elements are contributing characteristics for an anti-discriminatory legal approach by jurists, and the research proposes an analysis of the interpretive parameters of Black and White jurists based on their historical backgrounds. Secondly, the examination demonstrates the existence of presuppositions already defined by Luis Alberto Warat and his concept of Theoretical Common Sense, which corroborate the existence of a racist theoretical common sense among jurists, resulting in doxa justified as episteme. Finally, the paper offers a critical analysis of the advent of the Judge of Guarantees in relation to racial sociology and its potential to disrupt the current praxis of the Brazilian penal system. This includes assessing whether the Judge of Guarantees' role enables the identification of partiality and a resolution to the scenario of selective enforcement against Black individuals within the penal system. This is crucial because, in the current model, the procedural flow hinders the necessary impartiality, leading to cognitive dissonance. This is due to the fact that, in addition to the inquiry being fueled by a procedural model with an inquisitorial heritage and a fascist paradigm, the sentence is determined by the same judge who acted in the preliminary phase, gradually accumulating elements that contaminate their impartiality. Thu, 24 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13964 2025-07-24T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13963 Interpretação e decisão judicial na tradição hermenêutica brasileira: uma compreensão a partir do in claris cessat interpretatio Rocha, Matheus Alves da The present dissertation sought to analyze the problem of in claris cessat interpretatio, which can be translated into the possibility of texts being interpreted literally. A review of the various theories of law that have emerged since the codification movement reveals significant shifts in the freedom of the interpreter and the tension between understanding/interpretation. This work investigates the Brazilian legal tradition, with a focus on the legal hermeneutics developed by some authors, particularly in the context of formal interpretation and its limits. The research will concentrate on four Brazilian authors, representative of different theoretical and political contexts: Francisco de Paula Baptista, Carlos Maximiliano, Alípio Silveira, and Lenio Luiz Streck. Utilizing the tenets of hermeneutic phenomenology, a methodological framework is employed to deconstruct their theses, thereby facilitating the identification of continuities and ruptures in the conceptualization of judicial subjectivity. It is imperative to acknowledge that a fundamental aspect of this work is the necessity of comprehending the past in order to facilitate a more profound understanding of the present. The present study offers a contribution to the existing discourse on Neoconstitutionalism by exploring the potential of Brazilian tradition to inform discussions on the subject. This exploration encompasses the critique of the “Culture of Precedents”, that was inaugurated by the 2015 Code of Civil Procedure, as well as the Brazilian Legal Realism or the Jurisprudentialization of law. Therefore, the objective of this research is twofold: first, to enhance comprehension of the authors who have exerted influence on Brazilian legal hermeneutics; and second, to advance towards a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between text and interpreter. Mon, 16 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13963 2025-06-16T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13962 Compliance nas instituições financeiras bancárias como instrumento de prevenção à lavagem de dinheiro: uma análise crítica a partir do recorte do acordão da ação penal 470/MG (Mensalão) Martins, Maéle Corrêa La presente disertación tiene como objetivo analizar el compliance en las instituciones financieras bancarias como instrumento de prevención del lavado de dinero. El surgimiento de este mecanismo como herramienta preventiva no solo redefine los paradigmas de gobernanza, sino que también plantea cuestiones relevantes en el campo del Derecho Penal. Ante ello, la investigación se orienta por la siguiente cuestión: ¿en qué medida el compliance en las instituciones financieras bancarias se configura como un instrumento de apoyo en la prevención del delito de lavado de dinero en Brasil? Además, como subproblema, el estudio pretende demostrar bajo qué condiciones los programas de compliance podrían haber contribuido a mitigar la ocurrencia de esta práctica delictiva en el caso Mensalão, reconocido en la Acción Penal 470/MG. Para responder a estas interrogantes, inicialmente, el primer capítulo aborda las ideas centrales relacionadas con la expansión del Derecho Penal ante el proceso de globalización y la criminalidad económica, para luego estudiar el origen y los aspectos generales del delito de lavado de dinero, además, examinar las directrices internacionales — con énfasis en las medidas preventivas para enfrentar este problema global —, hasta el punto en que desembocaron en las normas de compliance en el Derecho nacional, descritas en la Ley nº 9.613/98. El segundo capítulo tiene como objetivo explicar qué es el compliance, su repercusión en el Derecho Penal y su función en la prevención del lavado de dinero en las instituciones bancarias, demostrando la aplicación práctica de este instrumento en cada etapa del proceso de lavado. Finalmente, en la última parte, el trabajo se enfoca en el estudio del caso Mensalão, con la selección de fragmentos de la sentencia que evidencian las fallas de compliance cometidas por la institución financiera involucrada en el hecho. En esta etapa, se busca identificar las fragilidades y los factores que contribuyeron al delito y, a partir de este análisis, verificar si la institución contaba con mecanismos capaces de evitar o mitigar la práctica delictiva. En este sentido, la investigación también pretende demostrar los avances y mejoras en el sistema de compliance de los bancos desde la ocurrencia del hecho. Adicionalmente, se propone el desarrollo de una metodología basada en el modelo de Evaluación Mutua del GAFI (Grupo de Acción Financiera Internacional) para medir la efectividad de los programas de compliance en el sector bancario brasileño. En el desarrollo del estudio, se adopta el método de enfoque deductivo, utilizando como procedimiento la revisión bibliográfica de leyes, obras y publicaciones científicas relacionadas con esta temática. Además, en el tercer capítulo se emplea el método de procedimiento monográfico, basado en el análisis crítico del caso. Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13962 2025-03-28T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13959 Desafios e implicações jurídico-sociais da desinformação na era digital Klimiki, Kamila This Master's dissertation in Law studies the complex contours and intricate aspects of disinformation in the digital age, focusing on its various forms, consequences and the legal challenges that arise from this current phenomenon. In view of this, the question is: What are the legal and social challenges caused by disinformation in the Digital Age? To answer this question, the research objectives propose as a general objective of the Dissertation: to study some legal mechanisms to mitigate the social impacts generated by the current phenomenon of disinformation. As for the specific objectives: (I) to understand the structuring contours of disinformation; (II) to analyze the social impacts of disinformation; (III) to examine the challenges and legal implications of disinformation in the so-called Digital Age. The first chapter will present an introduction to the subject, accompanied by an in-depth analysis of the different elements of disinformation, covering its definition, historical trajectory and categories, such as fake news and deepfakes. Next, the social and cultural effects of disinformation will be discussed, examining the role of digital platforms, algorithms, and the polarization of public opinion. In this scenario, the reasons that drive the creation and spread of false information will be investigated, as well as the challenges related to its detection. The third chapter focuses on the legal consequences of disinformation, addressing methods to combat it, such as media education and fact-checking projects. The responsibility of social networks and the standards suggested by regulations, such as Bill 2630 of 2020, will also be assessed, as well as the strategies used in the European Union. Finally, the dissertation will present conclusions that will summarize the main results and reflections on the urgent need for an effective and comprehensive approach to combating disinformation, emphasizing the relevance of an ethical and educational stance to build a healthier and more responsible information environment. It is therefore concluded that disinformation, a complex phenomenon fueled by communication technologies and social networks, has serious repercussions in today's society, influencing trust in institutions and public health. It is essential to differentiate between disinformation and inaccurate information, the former being characterized by the intention to deceive. It is important to emphasize the relevance of media literacy and critical thinking as indispensable tools for dealing with this problem. Tue, 22 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13959 2025-04-22T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13957 Sistema de alerta antecipado de risco de desastres e responsabilidade civil do estado: impactos e agravamento de vulnerabilidades nos desastres Scariot, Juliana Lopes The objective of this research is to hold state entities accountable for the (in)effectiveness of disaster early warning systems, particularly those employed during the February 2022 disaster in the municipality of Petrópolis/RJ. The effectiveness of an alert system is multifactorial, involving climate vulnerability, environmental information, and risk awareness. The civil liability of the state entity for failure to act in cases of environmental damage is strict. In this context, the guiding question of the research is: Considering the early warning systems for disaster risk used by Civil Defense in the municipality of Petrópolis/RJ during the February 2022 disaster, are public entities civilly liable for the (in)effectiveness of these systems, given their impact on populations in situations of climate vulnerability? Based on this, the hypothesis is that the alert system in Petrópolis is insufficient to convey the severity of the disaster to environmentally vulnerable populations, which exacerbates their situation and gives rise to the civil liability of the State, particularly the municipality. To test this hypothesis and answer the research question, the study adopts a qualitative approach from a critical perspective, in addition to the hypothetical-deductive method. Furthermore, the research follows a transdisciplinary approach, establishing dialogues with various branches of Law—such as Environmental Law, Disaster Law, Climate Change Law, and International Law—and other fields of knowledge, including Education, Geography, History, and Sociology. This work aligns with the themes addressed by the research line “Society, New Rights, and Transnationalization” of the Postgraduate Program in Law at Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, which focuses on the study of emerging rights, the impacts of globalization, and diffuse and collective rights, all through a transdisciplinary lens. The findings confirmed, based on an extensive analysis of environmental information and risk awareness, that in the context of climate disasters and climate vulnerability, raising public risk awareness is a duty of the state entity, as a strategy to reduce vulnerability and ensure the effectiveness of early warning systems. This approach must be transdisciplinary and inclusive of all age groups. Moreover, the study demonstrated that in the context of climate disasters, it is the duty of state entities—especially municipalities—to work together with Civil Defense to organize meetings of the Community Centers for Protection and Civil Defense, in order to educate and train the population to understand alerts, as well as to enforce Law No. 12,608/2012. In this context, the State’s undeniable responsibility for complying with the National Policy on Civil Protection and Defense (PNPDEC) was analyzed through the lens of the February 2022 disaster. Data collection, carried out through a semi-structured interview, revealed the existence of an early warning system in place during the event, in accordance with the Contingency Plan of Petrópolis at the time. However, it also highlighted the fragility of the Community Protection and Civil Defense Centers and their difficulty in remaining consistent with the PNPDEC, whether due to internal or external factors. Mon, 12 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13957 2025-05-12T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13955 Os povos indígenas e a defesa da natureza como titular de direitos na constituição federal: uma análise descolonial a partir de Ellacuría Vilardi, Gabriel dos Anjos This is a Master's thesis in Law, which addresses the following research problem: does the 1988 Federal Constitution allow for an interpretation according to which Nature is the holder of rights based on indigenous worldviews? The socioenvironmental crisis has been increasingly exacerbated. Addressing it requires a break with the anthropocentric paradigm, in which human beings have been elevated to the reason for all things. The general objective of this work is to investigate whether or not the current constitutional order accepts an interpretation that considers Nature a subject of rights, according to original conceptions. The specific objectives are three: to start from concepts of decolonial theory to analyze the "coloniality of power," developed by Aníbal Quijano, in the relations of the Brazilian State with Indigenous Peoples and with Nature; to verify the transformations of legal subjectivity since the beginnings of modern Law and the possibility of classifying Nature as an "oppressed subject," in the terms developed by Ignacio Ellacuría; This research aims to present the General Theory of the Rights of Nature, differentiating its paradigms, concepts, and principles. Regarding methodology, the intention is to use the dialectical method, with a critical analysis of violence against indigenous peoples and Nature, followed by a more expository section on the various understandings of subjectivity, and concluding with a proposed reading of the Constitutional Text. In the first chapter, through decolonial thought, the roots of Modernity will be explored to question some colonial patterns that sustain a dominating relationship. Both indigenous communities and Nature suffer the consequences of the coloniality of power. Therefore, the research intends to take a decolonial approach to the Human Rights of indigenous peoples and investigate their connection with the Rights of Nature. In the second chapter, to verify the possibility of including Nature as a subject of rights, the evolution of legal subjectivities since the advent of the Modern Age will be analyzed. For this purpose, the theory of the historicization of Human Rights of the liberation philosopher Ellacuría and its eventual analogical application will also be used. Finally, in the third chapter, the text will present a brief history of the Rights of Nature, going through its stilldeveloping General Theory, in order to then offer a reinterpretation of the constitutional order, according to the rights to territory and to the Good Living of the original communities. Fri, 19 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13955 2025-12-19T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13954 Democracia no exercício da jurisdição constitucional no Brasil: da redemocratização à ascensão do autoritarismo Klein, Fabio Alexandre This research entitled "Democracy and Its Impacts on the Exercise of Constitutional Jurisdiction in Brazil: From Redemocratization to the Rise of Authoritarianism" examines how Brazilian democracy, since the redemocratization process, has shaped the role of constitutional jurisdiction, particularly in a context of growing authoritarianism and institutional dysfunctions. The study analyzes historical milestones such as the military regime, the enactment of the 1988 Constitution, and the transition from liberal to illiberal democracy models. The methodology employed comprises a bibliographic review and qualitative content analysis, emphasizing the complex interactions between constitutionalism and the challenges posed by democratic erosion. The findings reveal that the rise of authoritarian practices undermines fundamental principles, affecting judicial independence and subverting democratic foundations to the detriment of rights and freedoms. Thu, 27 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13954 2025-02-27T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13953 Federalismo cooperativo e direito à saúde no Brasil: uma análise sobre a distribuição infraconstitucional de competências entre os entes federativos Gitrone, Denis Gustavo This master's thesis investigates the right to health in Brazil, based on the following research problem: the infraconstitutional normative organization that distributes and regulates the administrative powers of Federative Entities meets the fundamental precept that, under the terms of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, is health a right for everyone and a duty of the State? To address this issue, the study is divided into three distinct chapters, each corresponding to one of the specific objectives of the research. The first investigates the right to health in its theoretical and normative aspects. The second seeks to establish a kind of portrait of Brazilian public health. The last chapter focuses on the infraconstitutional distribution of powers between the federative entities and the Judiciary's handling of these issues. It was concluded that judicial intervention should be seen as a component of the health system, since the Judiciary can contribute to improving the Executive's decisions. This strengthens collaboration between the different powers and civil society in the search for the realization of the right to health. The methodological stance is phenomenological-hermeneutic. Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13953 2025-03-31T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13952 A adoção de práticas de justiça restaurativa em contraposição à calamidade do encarceramento em massa: por uma resposta eficiente à política de drogas no Brasil Salonski Filho, Carlos Augusto In the context of the problems faced by current criminal doctrine and jurisprudence, there are two issues that are the subject of constant debate, given the difficulty of finding solutions to improve the social situation, namely mass incarceration and national drug policy. It is no coincidence that the failure of both policies has resulted in 31% of the prison population being incarcerated for crimes related to the Drug Law. Thus, through a broad philosophical and historical analysis, this work aims to present the concept of Restorative Justice, expose its philosophical bases, demonstrate its affinity with humanistic criminal and criminological theories, and cite the first experiments of this institute in history. Therefore, from the perspective that it is already used in various legal systems around the world with effective success, the objective is to demonstrate that, once Restorative Justice practices are adopted within the Brazilian Criminal Justice system, in the sense that many of the methods to be implemented are alternatives to imprisonment in a closed regime and based on this new direction, they will reduce the prison population, thus becoming a new pillar of the National Drug Policy. In this context, Restorative Justice can be established by bringing a new perspective to modern criminal rationality. Based on the values of otherness, humanization, and resocialization, restorative practices, when incorporated into our system, can implement dialogue and conflict resolution through composition and reconciliation, recognizing the almost infinite capacity of human beings to regenerate themselves. Mon, 20 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13952 2025-10-20T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13951 A proteção de dados pessoais e os limites do consentimento nas plataformas “gratuitas” de serviço: contribuições da União Europeia para o Mercosul Slongo, Andressa Zanfonatto La tesina aborda el Derecho de la Unión Europea en materia de protección de datos personales de los consumidores y los límites del consentimiento prestado en las plataformas de servicios en línea, con el fin de identificar las principales contribuciones a la formación del Derecho del MERCOSUR. A la luz de lo anterior, se plantea el siguiente problema de investigación: ¿Cuáles son las principales contribuciones del Derecho de la Unión Europea en materia de protección de datos personales, especialmente en lo que se refiere al consentimiento del consumidor para el tratamiento de datos relativos al uso de plataformas de servicios “gratuitos”, a la formación del Derecho del MERCOSUR? Para responder al problema de investigación, se determinó la siguiente hipótesis de trabajo: El Derecho de la UE, en materia de protección de datos personales y límites establecidos por el consentimiento, se encuentra en una etapa mucho más avanzada que el Derecho del MERCOSUR, debido a que la protección de datos ya es reconocida como Derecho Fundamental, de conformidad con el artículo 8 de la Carta de Derechos Fundamentales. Además, el propio RGPD contiene varias disposiciones sobre el consentimiento, como por ejemplo, el artículo 6, apartado 1, letra “a”, que establece que el tratamiento de datos personales solo será lícito en la medida en que se compruebe que su titular ha dado su consentimiento para el tratamiento de sus datos para uno o varios fines específicos. El apartado “b” del mismo artículo establece que el tratamiento de datos es lícito cuando es necesario para la ejecución de un contrato en el que el titular de los datos es parte, o para gestiones precontractuales a petición del titular de los datos, como en los casos de contratos de consumo online celebrados en el entorno digital. De este modo, la primera contribución al Derecho del MERCOSUR es reconocer la protección de datos personales como Derecho Fundamental y, posteriormente, la creación de una norma regional que regule el uso de plataformas digitales gratuitas, con disposiciones específicas sobre el proceso de tratamiento de datos realizado en el ámbito integrado, que solo se considerará lícito ante la obtención expresa del consentimiento previo, libre e informado del consumidor. El objetivo general es analizar, desde una perspectiva crítica y transdisciplinaria, cómo la UE regula la protección de datos de los consumidores, con especial énfasis en los límites del consentimiento establecidos en los términos y políticas de privacidad de los contratos de consumo en línea relativos al uso gratuito de plataformas digitales, y cuáles serían las principales contribuciones del bloque europeo a la construcción del Derecho del MERCOSUR en la materia. La investigación es cualitativa y exploratoria, y emplea métodos normativos-descriptivos, comparativos y monográficos, así como técnicas bibliográficas y documentales. Como resultado, se concluye que el Derecho de la Unión Europea puede contribuir a la construcción del Derecho del MERCOSUR en la materia en cuestión, con el fin de brindar mayor seguridad a los consumidores del MERCOSUR que operan en el comercio electrónico, confirmando la hipótesis de trabajo presentada inicialmente.; The dissertation addresses European Union law on the protection of consumers' personal data and the limits of consent given on online service platforms, with the aim of mapping the main contributions to the formation of MERCOSUR law. In light of the above, the research question is presented: What are the main contributions of European Union law on personal data protection, especially with regard to consumer consent for the processing of data relating to the use of « free » service platforms, to the formation of MERCOSUR law? To answer the research question, the following working hypothesis was established: EU law on personal data protection and the limits established by consent is at a much more advanced stage than MERCOSUR law, because data protection is already recognized as a fundamental right, according to Article 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. In addition, the GDPR itself has several provisions on consent, such as Article 6, item 1, subparagraph “a,” which determines that the processing of personal data will only be lawful to the extent that it is verified that the data subject has given their consent to the processing of their data for one or more specific purposes. Subparagraph “b” of the same article provides that data processing is lawful when necessary for the performance of a contract to which the data subject is party, or for pre-contractual measures at the request of the data subject, as in the case of online consumer contracts concluded in the digital environment. Thus, the first contribution to MERCOSUR law is to recognize the protection of personal data as a fundamental right and, subsequently, to create a regional standard regulating the use of free digital platforms, with specific provisions on the data processing carried out in the integrated environment, which will only be considered lawful upon obtaining the express, free, and informed consent of the consumer. The overall objective is to analyze, from a critical and transdisciplinary perspective, how the EU regulates consumer data protection, with special emphasis on the limits of consent established in the terms and privacy policies in online consumer contracts relating to the free use of digital platforms, and what would be the main contributions of the European bloc to the construction of MERCOSUR law in this area. The research is qualitative and exploratory, using normative-descriptive, comparative, and monographic methods, as well as bibliographic and documentary techniques. As a result, it is concluded that European Union law can contribute to the development of MERCOSUR law on the matter in question, in order to provide greater security to MERCOSUR consumers engaged in e-commerce, confirming the working hypothesis initially presented. Fri, 03 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13951 2025-10-03T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13949 O jusnaturalismo neoclássico como substrato hermenêutico dos direitos humanos Segundo, Aloisio Cansian This dissertation aims to demonstrate the correlation between neoclassical natural law theory and the hermeneutical territoriality of human rights, presenting this strand of natural law as the theoretical matrix that best aligns with the concept of fundamental human rights. Natural law theory in its essential core establishes a necessary connection between law and its content and, historically, several historicalphilosophical perspectives through which natural law theory has occurred present a series of possible theoretical perspectives in understanding this bond and its foundation. Initially, the study seeks to demonstrate how Thomas Aquinas, as the paradigmatic exponent of natural law theory, structured the connections surrounding the concept of natural law, its relationship with human law and its association with human nature through practical reasonableness. In a second moment, the work also intends to explore how, in contemporaneity, John Finnis develops the AristotelianThomistic understanding of human nature, as well as the various legal and political issues these themes entail. Finally, the dissertation analyses the constitution of legal subjectivity throughout modernity and the structuring of human rights within the contemporary Western legal framework, exploring the transmutation of natural law thought into the secular and rationalist territory in which contemporary State is rooted, as well as the hermeneutic consequences of human rights legal discourse within national constitutions and legal systems. We thus conclude that the legal framework of subjective rights is deeply underpinned in the ontoteleological conception of human being that natural law thought has developed over centuries, making natural law the most appropriate theoretical foundation not only for human rights in strict sense but also fundamental rights and subjective rights in general in their most varied aspects. Mon, 05 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13949 2025-05-05T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13916 O princípio da precaução nos acordos comerciais bilaterais negociados pela União Europeia: impactos nos sistemas de solução de controvérsias Cabral, Nathália Kovalski This dissertation deals with the consequences of the inclusion of the Precautionary Principle under different dispute settlement systems contained in the new generation Bilateral Trade Agreements negotiated by the European Union, and seeks to answer the following research question: What impacts can the Precautionary Principle, when included in different chapters of the new generation Bilateral Trade Agreements negotiated by the European Union, have on their respective dispute settlement mechanisms? The working hypothesis presented is that, depending on the chapter in which the Precautionary Principle is inserted, disputes involving it may be analysed by different dispute settlement mechanisms provided in the new generation Bilateral Trade Agreements negotiated by the European Union, which, in turn, may lead to consequences of greater or lesser impact in terms of the binding nature of the decisions rendered. To support the research, the general objective is to investigate the impacts of the Precautionary Principle on the dispute settlement systems, resulting from its inclusion in different chapters of the new generation Bilateral Trade Agreements negotiated by the European Union with third States or regions. The research adopts a qualitative approach, using normative-descriptive, historical, and comparative procedural methods, from a critical and interdisciplinary perspective. The theoretical approach method is dialectical, considering the economic, political, and social context of the research. The research techniques are bibliographic and documentary. The investigations demonstrated that the European Union’s trade agreements operate under a dual logic of dispute resolution: a binding system for traditional commercial obligations and a non-binding system for the Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter, where the Precautionary Principle is generally included. Although this principle may also be analysed under the binding system through the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Chapter, its application is severely limited by WTO precedents, which compromises its effectiveness and partially confirms the proposed hypothesis.; La presente disertación versa sobre las consecuencias de la previsión del Principio de Precaución por parte de diferentes sistemas de solución de controversias contenidos en los Acuerdos Comerciales Bilaterales de nueva generación negociados por la Unión Europea, y busca responder al siguiente problema de investigación: ¿Qué impactos puede ocasionar el Principio de Precaución, cuando está previsto en distintos capítulos de los Acuerdos Comerciales Bilaterales de nueva generación negociados por la Unión Europea, en sus respectivos mecanismos de solución de controversias? La hipótesis de trabajo presentada es que, dependiendo del capítulo en el cual se inserte el Principio de Precaución, las controversias que lo involucren podrán ser analizadas por diferentes mecanismos de solución de controversias previstos en los Acuerdos Comerciales Bilaterales de nueva generación negociados por la Unión Europea, lo que, a su vez, podrá traer consecuencias de mayor o menor impacto en términos de obligatoriedad en el cumplimiento de las decisiones emitidas. Para fundamentar la investigación, el objetivo general es investigar los impactos del Principio de Precaución en los sistemas de solución de controversias, derivados de su previsión en distintos capítulos de los Acuerdos Comerciales Bilaterales de nueva generación negociados por la Unión Europea con terceros Estados o regiones. La investigación adopta un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando los métodos de procedimiento normativo-descriptivo, histórico y comparativo, desde una perspectiva crítica e interdisciplinaria. El método de enfoque teórico es el dialéctico, considerando el contexto económico, político y social de la investigación. A su vez, las técnicas de investigación utilizadas son la bibliográfica y la documental. Las investigaciones demostraron que los acuerdos comerciales de la Unión Europea operan con una lógica dual de resolución de disputas: un sistema vinculante para las obligaciones comerciales clásicas y otro, no vinculante, para el Capítulo de Comercio y Desarrollo Sostenible, donde el Principio de Precaución suele estar previsto. Aunque dicho principio también puede ser analizado dentro del sistema vinculante a través del Capítulo sobre Medidas Sanitarias y Fitosanitarias, su aplicación se ve severamente limitada por los precedentes de la OMC, lo que compromete su efectividad y confirma parcialmente la hipótesis propuesta. Tue, 29 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13916 2025-04-29T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13878 Lonl L. Fuller e a moralidade interna do direito: os oito desiderata como limites ao exercício da autoridade Silva, Giovanna Thaís Dias da The present research aims to understand Lon L. Fuller’s theory of the internal morality of law, based on the hypothesis that it constitutes a conception of the Rule of Law, one that responds to the problem of arbitrariness in public decision-making, both at the level of norm production and application (legislative, executive, and judicial). Although Fuller primarily focused on the integrity of legislation, this research hypothesizes that his theory also addresses arbitrariness across other domains of public power. To investigate this, a bibliographical study was conducted, analyzing Fuller’s own writings, the works of his critics, and those of his commentators, adopting a phenomenological-hermeneutic methodological approach, in line with Lenio Streck’s Hermeneutic Critique of Law. The research was structured in three chapters, covering, in summary: (i) who Lon Fuller was and the problems he sought to address; (ii) the philosophical foundations that inspired his conceptions; (iii) what the internal morality of law entails and its constitutive principles, including Fuller’s concept of law and its relationship with citizens’ obedience to norms; and (iv) the confirmation of the research hypothesis — that Fuller’s theory offers a potential response to the challenge of discretion in public decision-making and constitutes a valid understanding of the Rule of Law. The research concluded that Fuller’s internal morality of law should indeed be understood as a conception of the Rule of Law, as it establishes objective and rational criteria that limit the arbitrary exercise of public power. It further demonstrated that Fuller’s conception is not merely a technical set of formal requirements, but an ethical demand grounded in reciprocity and respect for individual autonomy. Thus, Fuller’s theory provides significant normative foundations for confronting discretion and contributes to the strengthening of the Rule of Law and the legitimacy of decision-making institutions. Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13878 2025-08-22T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13686 Os outros animais em juízo: entre a coerência jurídica e o especismo processual no Brasil Paludo, Evelyne Danielle This research analyzes the possibility of affirming that animals possess legal personality and the legal status of natural persons under Brazilian law. It investigates whether the notions of legal personality and natural persons are inapplicable to animals, or whether the denial of their applicability reflects a legal interpretation influenced by exclusionary morality and speciesism. The central research question is: how is it possible to argue that, since the enactment of the Federal Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil in 1988, nonhuman animals possess legal and judicial personality? To address this question, the study begins with the hypothesis that it is possible to provide a rationally justified interpretation of the constitutional and infraconstitutional norms that regulate the legal status of nonhuman animals in Brazil. This interpretation stems from a critical reexamination of the categories and concepts of the General Theory of Law and Procedure, combined with the hermeneutics of fundamental rights and the contributions of Animal Law to Brazilian legal thought. The general objective is to identify, based on constitutional and legal guidelines interpreted through this critical lens, the possibility of recognizing the legal and judicial capacity of nonhuman animals, thereby proposing a new paradigm regarding the subjects of law and procedure. The research is divided into three chapters. The first addresses the concepts from the General Theory of Law and Procedure that serve as the foundation for the analysis. The second chapter explores, based on scientific literature, the natural personality of animals and their capacities, examining the possibility of including these beings in legal relations. The third chapter analyzes doctrinal theses on the legal nature of animals and the coherence of their application, based on the concepts of the General Theory of Law. Judicial decisions that regard animals as subjects of rights are also presented in order to assess the consistency of these interpretations. The study concludes that, based on the rules of positive law and a non-speciesist understanding of the General Theory of Law, animals must be recognized as natural persons, with legal personality and the capacity to hold rights.; Esta investigación analiza la posibilidad de afirmar que los animales poseen personalidad jurídica y la condición de personas naturales en el derecho brasileño. Se investiga si estas nociones son inaplicables a los animales o si su negación refleja una interpretación jurídica influenciada por una moral excluyente y el especismo. La pregunta central es: ¿cómo es posible defender que, desde la promulgación de la Constitución de la República Federativa de Brasil en 1988, los animales no humanos poseen personalidad jurídica y judicial? Para responder, se parte de la hipótesis de que es posible ofrecer una interpretación racionalmente justificada de las normas constitucionales e infraconstitucionales que regulan su estatus jurídico. Esta interpretación se basa en una revisión crítica de las categorías y conceptos de la Teoría General del Derecho y del Proceso, junto con la hermenéutica de los derechos fundamentales y las contribuciones del Derecho Animal al pensamiento jurídico brasileño. El objetivo general es identificar, desde esta perspectiva crítica, la posibilidad de reconocer la capacidad jurídica y judicial de los animales no humanos, proponiendo un nuevo paradigma sobre los sujetos del derecho y del proceso. La investigación se divide en tres capítulos. El primero trata los conceptos de la Teoría General del Derecho y del Proceso que fundamentan el análisis. El segundo explora, con base en la literatura científica, la personalidad natural de los animales y sus capacidades, examinando su posible inclusión en las relaciones jurídicas. El tercer capítulo analiza las tesis doctrinarias sobre su naturaleza jurídica y la coherencia de su aplicación, según los conceptos de la Teoría General del Derecho. También se presentan decisiones judiciales que reconocen a los animales como sujetos de derecho, a fin de evaluar la coherencia de estas interpretaciones. Se concluye que, con base en las normas del derecho positivo y en una comprensión no especista de la Teoría General del Derecho, los animales deben ser reconocidos como personas naturales, con personalidad jurídica y capacidad para ser titulares de derechos. Mon, 12 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13686 2025-05-12T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13585 Mediação tributária: acesso à justiça, princípios e práticas Lima, Tarciano José Faleiro de Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) have been increasingly used around the world as an option to the traditional judicial system, both due to the speed of procedures in relation to the judicial process and the cost reduction it promotes for citizens and the State. In this sense, the ADR that provides greater autonomy and security to the user is mediation, which is widely accepted in several legal areas. Mediation is the consensual procedure in which a neutral third party leads the parties to dialogue and the formation of an agreement, ending the dispute and preserving human relationships. Tax law now also enters mediation, revolutionizing the form of relationship between tax authorities and taxpayers and adapting it to the agile and complex characteristics of contemporary times. Thus, tax mediation arises. However, as it is still an innovation, the procedure lacks specific literature and the definition of operating principles and rules. This work has the mission of understanding what tax mediation is as access to justice and its relationships with constitutional tax principles and the principles of mediation. With these definitions in hand, legal practitioners will have a theoretical and practical basis for working in tax mediation. Thus, the research problem lies in the lack of specific literature on tax mediation, given its pioneering implementation in the city of Porto Alegre and the existence of a bill under consideration in the National Congress, which should extend its application throughout the country. The general objective of the research, therefore, is to establish parameters for the application of tax mediation in Brazil, while the specific objectives are based on understanding how mediation identifies itself as a means of access to justice, as well as how it can comply with constitutional tax principles and mediation principles, in addition to establishing practices that are consistent with the reality of taxpayers and tax authorities. As for the methodology, essentially outlined through bibliographical research, the research presents an exploratory component, and, since the research topic is incipient in society and lacks literature, including in other countries, it will inevitably encompass the investigation of similar legal institutes for the application or adaptation of their concepts to the practice of tax mediation. The research results present a little-explored facet of the doctrine of mediation, which is the justice of the procedure. The combination of the application of the relatively abstract principles of mediation with the considerable rigidity of tax precepts finds harmonization in the collaborative essence of tax mediation as a means of access to justice. Thu, 16 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13585 2025-01-16T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13568 A hipervulnerabilidade socioeconômica do consumidor superendividado na pós-modernidade e os desafios para a harmonização normativa nos Estados Partes do MERCOSUL Araujo Junior, Waldir Gomes Esta tesina pretende analizar cómo sería posible proteger a los consumidores sobreendeudados en tiempos pospandemia y posmodernidad, en el ámbito del MERCOSUR. El objetivo general se basa en el análisis de cómo se puede lograr esa protección a través del estudio de normativas internas, de los proyectos de ley de los Estados Partes del MERCOSUR y de la legislación producida por el bloque en esa materia. En ese contexto, se plantea el siguiente problema de investigación: ¿de qué forma los países del MERCOSUR pueden garantizar la protección necesaria para los consumidores sobreendeudados en tiempos de posmodernidad/pos pandemia?. La hipótesis de trabajo presentada para responder a esa pregunta sostiene que la armonización calificada de las normas de protección al consumidor sobreendeudado, mediante el trabajo realizado por el Comité Técnico nº 7, cuyo objetivo es restablecer de manera responsable al consumidor del MERCOSUR en el mercado de consumo, permitirá aumentar su confianza, reducir los incumplimientos y estabilizar la economía financiera, contribuyendo así a la profundización de la integración regional. Para lograr tal objetivo, se realizó una investigación cualitativa, utilizando los métodos de trabajo normativo-descriptivos y comparativo, basados en técnicas de investigación bibliográfica y documental, que permitieron identificar y analizar las normas y proyectos de ley de los Estados Partes y del MERCOSUR. En definitiva, se puede identificar que la hipótesis planteada es parcialmente correcta, puesto que, la armonización calificada de normas en el ámbito del MERCOSUR es sólo una de las formas de lograr la necesaria protección de los consumidores sobreendeudados dentro del bloque económico.; This thesis sought to analyze how over-indebted consumers can be protected in times of post-pandemic and post-modernity, within the scope of MERCOSUR. The overall objective aimed at analyzing how the over-indebted consumer can be protected in post pandemic/post modernity times, through the study of internal regulations, bills of MERCOSUR’s State Parties and the law produced by the bloc in regards to this matter. When faced with this issue, the present research questions: How can MERCOSUR States Parties guarantee the protection of over-indebted consumers in times of post-modernity/pandemic? The proposed working hypothesis to answer this question argues that the qualified harmonization of over-indebted consumer protection standards, through the work carried out by Technical Committee no. 7, aiming to responsibly reinstate the Mercosur consumer back in the consumer market, will allow for the increase in their confidence in the market, default reduction and the stabilization of the financial market/economy, thus contributing to the deepening of regional integration. To achieve the proposed objective, qualitative research was carried out, using normative-descriptive and comparative procedure methods, based on bibliographic and documentary research techniques, which favored identifying and analyzing the norms and bills of the States Parties and of MERCOSUR. In the end, the proposed hypothesis was considered to be partially true, insofar as the qualified harmonization of standards within the scope of MERCOSUR is only one of the ways to achieve the necessary protection of overindebted consumers within the economic bloc. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13568 2024-07-31T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13489 A expansão indevida da esfera pessoal protegida nas propostas legislativas federais anti direitos LGBTQIA+ como estratégia discriminatória neoliberal Thewes, Gabriela da Cunha Considering the current discriminatory and violent Brazilian scenario regarding LGBTQIA+ individuals, this work examines, in light of anti-discrimination law and drawing from Wendy Brown's critique, the legislative initiatives that establish discriminatory treatments, which employ the neoliberal strategy of expanding the protected personal sphere and distorting the concept of freedom to violate, exclude, deny, or diminish the rights of LGBTQIA+ people. After analyzing Wendy Brown's critique of neoliberal rationality and its intention to dismantle society, dethrone the political sphere, and render all areas of life economic, this work exposes the neoliberal strategy of expanding the protected personal sphere and distorting the concept of freedom. Following the theoretical approach, the justifications of the bills presented in the federal parliament between 2019 and 2024 are examined in light of anti-discrimination law. Wed, 18 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13489 2024-12-18T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13488 Estado de Direito e Democracia: uma análise crítico-hermenêutica do julgamento da ADPF nº 854 Barbosa, Ana Júlia Silva This work is centered on the study of the historicity of the concepts of Rule of Law and Democracy for the purpose of identifying the sociopolitical context in which they developed and their evolution over time, in addition to defining their material substrate and their main theoretical references. So, we intend to uncover the foundations that form the Democratic State of Law (which is not a simple juxtaposition between the Rule of Law and Democracy), with emphasis on the system of Checks and Balances. Furthermore, a critical-hermeneutic analysis is made of ADPF nº 854 with the aim of verifying to what extent the Supreme Court's judgment on the rapporteur's amendments to the Annual Budget Law corroborate or violate the Democratic State of Law. To achieve this purpose, the deductive method of approach is used, relating it in the following way: argumentative concepts of a dogmatic nature of legal theory are taken, as directive and descriptive constructions of legal science, of a general nature, notably the parameters that constitute of the Democratic State of Law, applying them to the analysis of the judgment of ADPF nº 854. The normative-dogmatic approach comprises: the analytical normative approach – the system of constitutional norms (especially, Title I – The fundamental principles, the Title II – Fundamental rights and guarantees, Chapter VII of Title III – Public Administration and Chapter II of Title VI – Public Finances, extracted from the Federal Constitution of 1988) the hermeneutic normative approach – the appropriate interpretation of constitutional norms and normative argumentative-rhetorical – persuasive and controlled patterns of legal-constitutional discourse, taking into account the works of Dworkin and Streck. Mon, 26 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13488 2024-08-26T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13412 A proteção dos dados pessoais sob uma perspectiva penal: responsabilidade dos agentes de tratamento pela omissão imprópria Sampaio, Luciana Almeida Nobre Fri, 29 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13412 2024-11-29T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13397 O direito à proteção de dados: uma abordagem na perspectiva das micro e pequenas empresas D' Almeida, Vanuza Oliveira La Ley N° 13.709/2018, denominada Ley General de Protección de Datos/LGPD, fue sancionada en agosto de 2018 y, en septiembre de 2020, entró en vigor, con el principal objetivo de garantizar la transparencia en el uso de la protección de datos personales de las personas físicas, en cualquier medio. Es un marco legal brasileño para la protección de datos, tanto para instituciones públicas como privadas. Se trata de la protección de datos personales de las personas físicas en cualquier relación, que implique el tratamiento de información calificada como datos personales, por cualquier medio, ya sea persona física o jurídica. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un estudio sobre el Derecho a la Protección de Datos desde la perspectiva de las Micro y Pequeñas Empresas, teniendo en cuenta la dignidad de la persona humana y el advenimiento de la Ley General de Protección de Datos, y el trato diferenciado que se otorga. a las Micro y Pequeñas Empresas. Las Micro y Pequeñas Empresas son necesarias para la economía brasileña, principalmente por su capacidad de empleo y su desconcentración geográfica. Generan una gran cantidad de datos e información, que necesitan recibir un tratamiento adecuado, procurando no vulnerar el Derecho a la Protección de Datos. Representan el 99% del total de empresas brasileñas y son responsables del 62% de los empleos y del 27% del producto interno bruto (PIB), según el documento. Además, más del 40% de los Microempresarios Individuales (MEI) son mujeres empresarias. Por lo tanto, es necesario que los pequeños agentes de tratamiento se preparen, implementen algunas medidas de seguridad y cumplan con lo establecido en la Resolución CD/ANPD No. 2 del 27 de enero de 2022. Este estudio brindará información sobre si los MPEs, brindan un tratamiento adecuado. en relación con la LGPD, considerando el tratamiento diferenciado para su implementación. Así como si se garantiza el derecho fundamental a la protección de datos personales, garantizado constitucionalmente, con el objetivo de promover la dignidad de la persona humana. Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13397 2024-05-31T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13377 As mulheres no teletrabalho em domicílio: análise da legislação brasileira à luz da perspectiva de gênero Teixeira, Samantha Mendonça Lins This research focused on teleworking, a mode of work that saw a significant increase in adoption after the COVID-19 pandemic, because of the need for social distancing to avoid the spread of the disease. Brazilian legislation was analyzed and compared with the legislation of other countries, Portugal and Argentina. Furthermore, it was investigated whether there is reconciliation with a global decent work agenda, headed by the United Nations (UN) and the International Labor Organization (ILO). The research also considered gender inequalities, which act as a social pillar, passing througt topics such as the sexual division of labor and care work, to then analyze the interference in the reality of teleworkers women subjected to home teleworking. The reason why it is because this type of work is experienced differently by women, due to the tendency of accumulation and confusion between domestic and work activities, which is due to sociocultural factors. Afterwards, having outlined these contexts, an analysis of Law from a gender perspective was proposed, studying what already exists to protect women's rights in Brazil and some methods that can assist in the construction of legislation in order to implement the constitutional principle of equality (article 5, I, of the Federal Constitution), such as the legal method of “woman question”, presented by Katharine T. Bartlett. This method encourages consideration of issues linked to gender when creating laws, as well as questioning whether an existing law neglects such issues in its text, aiming to overcome the figure of the universal subject, which leaves a significant portion of the population on the sidelines, their demands and experiences. The general objective was, in short, to seek to understand the juristical consequences of the legal regulation of teleworking in Brazil for employees subject to home teleworking, based on a reading of the Law from a gender perspective. Thu, 04 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13377 2024-04-04T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13376 A Fazenda Pública em juízo: da fundamentação do agir à busca por uma atuação adequada à Constituição Vedana, Óliver El presente trabajo se desarrolla a partir del análisis de las condiciones de posibilidad y los límites de la actuación de los abogados del Estado cuando aparecen como parte en un procedimiento regido directa e indirectamente por el Código Procesal Civil. Para ello, se aborda el movimiento de constitucionalización del procedimiento civil brasileño, a partir de la promulgación de la Ley nº 13.105/15, así como algunas de sus directrices que evidencian este movimiento. A partir de los referentes teóricos inherentes a la Crítica Hermenéutica del Derecho, se evalúa el desempeño de los abogados del Estado en los tribunales de la misma manera que la matriz teórica mencionada aborda su teoría de la decisión –a partir de algunos temas y tesis seleccionados de esta teoría–, importada al análisis del desempeño de los abogados del Estado, es decir, la posibilidad de establecer aportes teóricos de este desempeño –y sus limitaciones–, para que sea adecuada a la Constitución, como forma de asegurar la coherencia e integridad de la acción estatal, sin renunciar a la responsabilidad. Tue, 08 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13376 2024-10-08T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13372 Litigância estratégica e o direito à demarcação territorial Guarani e Kaiowá: uma análise crítica ao discurso-prática em direitos humanos Pinheiro, Gabriela Milani This research examines the potential and limitations of applying strategic human rights litigation as a means of claiming the demarcation of Guarani and Kaiowá lands, an indigenous people from Mato Grosso do Sul. In light of the dynamics of demands for the demarcation of indigenous lands in the Brazilian context and the obstacles to their realization, we propose to investigate the possibility of using the method of strategic litigation in human rights as a means of promoting justice and social transformation that aims to generate structural impacts on situations of systemic violations. As this is a complex tool, the utilization of this method of litigation necessitates a meticulous examination, given the multifaceted considerations that must be meticulously evaluated before a claim can be initiated. A wide range of predictions will depend on the intent of the action by the representatives, the environment and context in which it will take place, and its possible legal, political, and social consequences for the groups and people involved. In light of these considerations, the study takes a critical stance towards the colonial logic of the hegemonic discourse of human rights. Additionally, the study proposes an analysis of the limitations and potential of strategic litigation in the promotion of claims that seek the effective promotion of social justice. This investigation thus examines the manner in which the judiciary addresses issues of indigenous territoriality and performs a contextual analysis based on the material produced through interviews with the principal litigants in the Guarani and Kaiowá cases. It can be concluded that strategic litigation may be proposed to claim the demarcation of the Guarani and Kaiowá territories, provided that the conditions for guaranteeing the right of access to justice are taken into account, as a perspective that makes it possible to think of alternatives to the discourse-practice. Wed, 21 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13372 2024-08-21T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13370 Limites ao poder de reforma da constituição : as regras de transição à luz dos direitos fundamentais Pozza, Audrey Santarosa The research focuses on the power of constitutional reform, with an emphasis on the transitional rules of Constitutional Amendments in Brazil, in the light of an adequate understanding of the theory of Fundamental Rights, confronted by the understanding that there is no acquired right to a legal regime. To this end, it analyzes, using the hermeneutic-phenomenological method, the theoretical foundations of the relationship between time and law; the possibilities of constitutional reform in Comparative Law, especially in Germany, Italy, France, the United States of America and Brazil; the reflexes of the exercise of the power of reform in Brazil in the Constitutionalism of 1988 with the analysis of the main Constitutional Amendments that brought transition rules concerning social security rights; culminating in the development of the main interpretative aspects of the theory of fundamental rights that give due protection to the transitional rules of the Constitutional Amendments, in particular, legal certainty, the impossibility of social retrogression and the principle of the prohibition of insufficient protection. Sun, 29 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13370 2024-09-29T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13369 Crise na democracia: uma análise sobre o surgimento de alternativas teóricas ao modelo democrático representativo alicerçado na existência de partidos políticos Alegre, Adonis Martins This dissertation aims to relate the crisis of representative democracy with the party system, presenting the theoretical proposals that emerge as alternatives to this model and analyzing their viability in light of the Brazilian constitutional model. To this end, it analyzes representative democracy and its contemporary challenges; exposes moments of Brazilian representative democracy and its crises, notably those related to political parties; and presents the relationship between political parties and democracy, with a view to finding possible alternatives to the crisis and perhaps proposing solutions so that Brazilian democracy can be reinvented. Regarding the methodology, the present study was carried out based on a bibliographical review, guided by the phenomenological-hermeneutic perspective, which, in turn, allows for openness to critical questioning in the face of social events and the handling of certain conceptions rooted in the sense theoretical common. It was concluded at the end of the study that any proposal for change in the Brazilian political system must be carefully examined in light of the Federal Constitution and take into account practical and social challenges to guarantee the stability and legitimacy of the democratic process. Some alternatives that could be considered include: carrying out broad political reform, supporting independent candidacies, implementing limited forms of direct democracy, strengthening popular participation mechanisms, adopting open or mixed lists, strengthening transparency and accountability mechanisms and control over electronic participation. Thu, 18 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13369 2024-07-18T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13160 Da in(tolerância) à violência linguístico-simbólica contra minorias sociais no Brasil : uma análise a partir da matriz discursivo-semiológica Melo, Vinicius de Almeida Santana The linguistic phenomenon, essential to human identity and socialization, is the object of scrupulous investigation in this master's thesis in public law, which highlights its unspeakable importance for day-to-day community coexistence. A diachronic evolution of language is outlined in textum, going back to Classical Antiquity, with an emphasis on Greek and Roman variability, going through the medieval scholastic influence, until reaching the systematization of Semiology and Semiotics at the dawn of the 20th century. What stands out, in particular, are theories developed by French Discourse Analysis – represented by Michel Foucault, Michel Pêcheux and Pierre Bourdieu – and by the Semiology of Power or Political Semiology, developed by Luis Alberto Warat and Leonel Severo Rocha in 1980s. This study contrasts such varied epistemological perspectives with the transformations experienced by Brazilian constitutional law since 1824 with regard to freedom of expression and linguistic-symbolic violence, aiming, in a second moment, for an in-depth analysis of the nuances established by the Federal Constitution 1988 in the national axiological-valuative scope. Based on the hypothesis that the aforementioned referential structures denote the imperative need to recognize intolerance to linguistic-symbolic violence against social minorities in Brazil, the general objective is limited to scrutinizing, based on gnosiological currents in fine, the vicissitudes concerning this public duty, which will be developed through three specific objectives: (1) meticulously examine the language and its main aspects, paying particular attention to French Discourse Analysis and the Semiology of Power; (2) critically examine the fundamental right to freedom of expression in Brazilian Constitutions prior to 1988, highlighting its contradictions and repercussions on minority population segments; and (3) dissect the axiological metamorphoses introduced by the 1988 Magna Carta, evaluating their effectiveness in protecting against oppressive speeches. The theoretical justification of this work is based on the confluence of multiple disciplines, a link that advocates a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of power and community control mediated by language; the interdisciplinary nature of this investigation proves unspeakable in revealing the instrumentality of language both as a means of emancipation and oppression. In turn, social justification comes from the pressing need to understand and combat the practices of discursive domination that subjugate millions of marginalized individuals, which is done in order to aspire to a more equitable society. To this end, Karl Popper's hypothetical-deductive research method is used, associated with the type of bibliographical research and a qualitative research approach. The research focus focuses on explanatory, descriptive and exploratory strategies, with the purpose of elucidating the underlying causes of linguisticsymbolic violence and its interrelations with other fields of knowledge. It is concluded that the dissertation corroborated the hypothesis primarily presented by the author, demonstrating ipso facto that Brazilian constitutional history, in general terms, and the Federal Supreme Court, in particular, evolve in a protective sense, but that there is still a lack of legislative maturity which provides the indispensable legal certainty for this context.; El fenómeno lingüístico, esencial para la identidad y la socialización humana, es objeto de una escrupulosa investigación en este trabajo de fin de máster en derecho público, que destaca su indescriptible importancia para la convivencia comunitaria cotidiana. En el textum se perfila una evolución diacrónica del lenguaje, remontándose a la Antigüedad Clásica, con énfasis en la variabilidad griega y romana, pasando por la influencia escolástica medieval, hasta llegar a la sistematización de la Semiología y la Semiótica en los albores del siglo XX. Se destacan, en particular, las teorías desarrolladas por el Análisis del Discurso francés–representado por Michel Foucault, Michel Pêcheux y Pierre Bourdieu– y por la Semiología del Poder o Semiología Política, desarrollada por Luis Alberto Warat y Leonel Severo Rocha en década de 1980. Este estudio contrasta perspectivas epistemológicas tan variadas con las transformaciones experimentadas por el derecho constitucional brasileño desde 1824 en relación con la libertad de expresión y la violencia lingüístico-simbólica, apuntando, en un segundo momento, a un análisis en profundidad de los matices establecidos por la ley. Constitución Federal de 1988 en el ámbito axiológico-valorativo nacional. Partiendo de la hipótesis de que las estructuras referenciales mencionadas denotan la necesidad imperativa de reconocer la intolerancia a la violencia lingüístico-simbólica contra las minorías sociales en Brasil, el objetivo general se limita a escudriñar, a partir de corrientes gnosiológicas in fine, las vicisitudes relativas a este deber público, que se desarrollará a través de tres objetivos específicos: (1) examinar minuciosamente la lengua y sus principales aspectos, prestando especial atención al Análisis del Discurso francés y a la Semiología del Poder; (2) examinar críticamente el derecho fundamental a la libertad de expresión en las Constituciones brasileñas anteriores a 1988, destacando sus contradicciones y repercusiones en segmentos minoritarios de la población; y (3) diseccionar las metamorfosis axiológicas introducidas por la Carta Magna de 1988, evaluando su eficacia para proteger contra discursos opresivos. La justificación teórica de este trabajo se basa en la confluencia de múltiples disciplinas, vínculo que aboga por una comprensión integral de las dinámicas de poder y control comunitario mediados por el lenguaje; La naturaleza interdisciplinaria de esta investigación resulta indescriptible al revelar la instrumentalidad del lenguaje como medio de emancipación y opresión. A su vez, la justificación social surge de la necesidad apremiante de comprender y combatir las prácticas de dominación discursiva que subyugan a millones de individuos marginados, lo cual se hace con el fin de aspirar a una sociedad más equitativa. Para ello se utiliza el método de investigación hipotético-deductivo de Karl Popper, asociado al tipo de investigación bibliográfica y a un enfoque de investigación cualitativo. El enfoque de la investigación se centra en estrategias explicativas, descriptivas y exploratorias, con el propósito de dilucidar las causas subyacentes de la violencia lingüístico-simbólica y sus interrelaciones con otros campos del conocimiento. Se concluye que la disertación corroboró la hipótesis principalmente presentada por el autor, demostrando ipso facto que la historia constitucional brasileña, en términos generales, y el Tribunal Supremo Federal, en particular, evolucionan en sentido protector, pero que todavía hay una falta de madurez legislativa que proporcione la seguridad jurídica indispensable para este contexto.; Le phénomène linguistique, essentiel à l'identité humaine et à la socialisation, fait l'objet d'une enquête scrupuleuse dans ce mémoire de maîtrise en droit public, qui souligne son importance indicible pour la coexistence quotidienne des communautés. Une évolution diachronique du langage est esquissée dans le textum, remontant à l'Antiquité classique, avec un accent sur la variabilité grecque et romaine, en passant par l'influence scolastique médiévale, jusqu'à atteindre la systématisation de la sémiologie et de la sémiotique à l'aube du XXe siècle. Ce qui ressort en particulier, ce sont les théories développées par l'Analyse du Discours Français – représentée par Michel Foucault, Michel Pêcheux et Pierre Bourdieu – et par la Sémiologie du Pouvoir ou Sémiologie Politique, développée par Luis Alberto Warat et Leonel Severo Rocha dans Années 1980. Cette étude oppose des perspectives épistémologiques aussi variées aux transformations vécues par le droit constitutionnel brésilien depuis 1824 en matière de liberté d'expression et de violence linguistique et symbolique, visant, dans un deuxième temps, à une analyse approfondie des nuances établies par le Constitution fédérale de 1988 dans le cadre national axiologique et valorisant. Partant de l'hypothèse que les structures référentielles mentionnées ci-dessus dénotent la nécessité impérative de reconnaître l'intolérance à la violence linguistique et symbolique contre les minorités sociales au Brésil, l'objectif général se limite à examiner, à partir des courants gnosiologiques in fine, les vicissitudes de ce devoir public, qui sera développé à travers trois objectifs spécifiques: (1) examiner méticuleusement la langue et ses principaux aspects, en accordant une attention particulière à l'Analyse du Discours Français et à la sémiologie du pouvoir; (2) examiner de manière critique le droit fondamental à la liberté d'expression dans les constitutions brésiliennes d'avant 1988, en soulignant ses contradictions et ses répercussions sur les segments de la population minoritaire; et (3) disséquer les métamorphoses axiologiques introduites par la Magna Carta de 1988, en évaluant leur efficacité dans la protection contre les discours oppressifs. La justification théorique de ce travail repose sur la confluence de multiples disciplines, un lien qui prône une compréhension globale de la dynamique du pouvoir et du contrôle communautaire médié par le langage; la nature interdisciplinaire de cette enquête s’avère indescriptible en révélant l’instrumentalité du langage à la fois comme moyen d’émancipation et d’oppression. À son tour, la justification sociale vient du besoin pressant de comprendre et de combattre les pratiques de domination discursive qui asservissent des millions d’individus marginalisés, et ce afin d’aspirer à une société plus équitable. À cette fin, on utilise la méthode de recherche hypothético-déductive de Karl Popper, associée au type de recherche bibliographique et à une approche de recherche qualitative. L'accent de recherche se concentre sur les stratégies explicatives, descriptives et exploratoires, dans le but d'élucider les causes sous-jacentes de la violence linguistique et symbolique et ses interrelations avec d'autres domaines de connaissance. On conclut que la thèse corrobore l'hypothèse principalement présentée par l'auteur, démontrant ipso facto que l'histoire constitutionnelle brésilienne, en général, et le Tribunal Suprême Fédéral, en particulier, évoluent dans un sens protecteur, mais qu'il existe encore un manque de maturité législative qui assure la sécurité juridique indispensable dans ce contexte.; Das für die menschliche Identität und Sozialisierung wesentliche sprachliche Phänomen ist Gegenstand einer sorgfältigen Untersuchung in dieser Masterarbeit im öffentlichen Recht, die seine unsägliche Bedeutung für das alltägliche Zusammenleben der Gemeinschaft hervorhebt. In textum wird eine diachrone Entwicklung der Sprache skizziert, die bis in die klassische Antike zurückreicht, mit Schwerpunkt auf der griechischen und römischen Variabilität, über den mittelalterlichen scholastischen Einfluss bis hin zur Systematisierung der Semiologie und Semiotik zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts. Besonders hervorzuheben sind die Theorien der französischen Diskursanalyse – vertreten durch Michel Foucault, Michel Pêcheux und Pierre Bourdieu – und der Semiologie der Macht oder politischen Semiologie, entwickelt von Luis Alberto Warat und Leonel Severo Rocha Diese Studie stellt solch unterschiedliche erkenntnistheoretische Perspektiven den Veränderungen gegenüber, die das brasilianische Verfassungsrecht seit 1824 in Bezug auf Meinungsfreiheit und sprachlich-symbolische Gewalt erlebt hat, und zielt in einem zweiten Moment auf eine eingehende Analyse der durch das Verfassungsrecht festgestellten Nuancen ab Bundesverfassung 1988 im nationalen axiologisch-valuativen Rahmen. Basierend auf der Hypothese, dass die oben genannten Referenzstrukturen die zwingende Notwendigkeit bezeichnen, die Intoleranz gegenüber sprachlich-symbolischer Gewalt gegen soziale Minderheiten in Brasilien anzuerkennen, beschränkt sich das allgemeine Ziel darauf, auf der Grundlage gnosiologischer Strömungen im Detail die Wechselfälle im Zusammenhang mit dieser öffentlichen Pflicht zu untersuchen wird anhand von drei spezifischen Zielen entwickelt: (1) sorgfältige Untersuchung der Sprache und ihrer Hauptaspekte unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der französischen Diskursanalyse und der Semiologie der Macht; (2) das Grundrecht auf freie Meinungsäußerung in den brasilianischen Verfassungen vor 1988 kritisch zu untersuchen und seine Widersprüche und Auswirkungen auf Minderheitenbevölkerungsgruppen hervorzuheben; und (3) die durch die Magna Carta von 1988 eingeführten axiologischen Metamorphosen zu analysieren und ihre Wirksamkeit beim Schutz vor unterdrückenden Reden zu bewerten. Die theoretische Begründung dieser Arbeit basiert auf dem Zusammenfluss mehrerer Disziplinen, einer Verbindung, die ein umfassendes Verständnis der durch Sprache vermittelten Dynamiken von Macht und Gemeinschaftskontrolle befürwortet; Der interdisziplinäre Charakter dieser Untersuchung erweist sich als unbeschreiblich, da sie die Instrumentalität der Sprache sowohl als Mittel der Emanzipation als auch der Unterdrückung offenlegt. Die soziale Rechtfertigung wiederum ergibt sich aus der dringenden Notwendigkeit, die Praktiken der diskursiven Herrschaft zu verstehen und zu bekämpfen, die Millionen von marginalisierten Menschen unterjochen, was getan wird, um eine gerechtere Gesellschaft anzustreben. Hierzu wird die hypothetisch-deduktive Forschungsmethode von Karl Popper genutzt, verbunden mit der Art der bibliographischen Recherche und einem qualitativen Forschungsansatz. Der Forschungsschwerpunkt liegt auf erklärenden, beschreibenden und explorativen Strategien mit dem Ziel, die zugrunde liegenden Ursachen sprachlich-symbolischer Gewalt und ihre Wechselbeziehungen zu anderen Wissensgebieten aufzuklären. Man kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Dissertation die vom Autor in erster Linie vertretene Hypothese bestätigt und ipso facto zeigt, dass sich die brasilianische Verfassungsgeschichte im Allgemeinen und der Bundesgerichtshof im Besonderen in einem protektiven Sinne weiterentwickeln, dass dies aber immer noch der Fall ist ein Mangel an gesetzgeberischer Reife, der in diesem Zusammenhang die unverzichtbare Rechtssicherheit bietet. Thu, 04 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13160 2024-07-04T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13159 Proposições legislativas acerca da “cura gay”: uma análise sob a ótica do Direito da Antidiscriminação Lisboa, Renan Fabian The historical process of consolidating moral and religious discourses in the society, through the institutionalization of discourses of dominance and power, subjected anyone who expressed their sexuality differently to the imposed social standard, inserted into this mechanism, pathologization, to a process of marginalization and repression. of sexuality was characterized as an effective instrument of social control and form of punishment. In this scenario, the research aims to analyze the legislative proposals that deal with sexual orientation reversal therapy from the perspective of anti-discrimination law. To this end, the research adopts a bibliographic review methodology and is divided into three parts. The first part presents an overview of antidiscrimination law, its fundamental elements and concepts, highlighting the prohibited criterion of discrimination based on sexual orientation, its theoretical perspectives and insertion in the Brazilian legal field. The second part covers the social history of the pathologization of homosexuality, then demonstrates the sociopolitical context in which sexual orientation reversal therapy was inserted worldwide. It also presents the legislative proposals that aimed to suspend the aforementioned resolution and also a description of the proposals that aimed to criminalize the “gay cure”. The last chapter is structured based on the justifications of bills and draft legislative decrees to, from the perspective of anti-discrimination law, analyze the arguments used. It understands the occurrence of discriminatory contexts in the arguments of the legislative proposals analyzed and completes the understanding of the right to anti-discrimination as an effective instrument to combat and understand discriminatory conduct within the scope of the Brazilian legislative process. Mon, 18 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13159 2023-12-18T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13158 A teoria feminista do direito como visibilizadora de problemáticas femininas: uma análise do exemplo da violência obstétrica no Brasil Fernandez, Maria Laura Maciel Esta disertación tiene como tema la Teoría Feminista del Derecho, así como sus propios métodos jurídicos. Como forma de delimitación, se propone estudiar cómo visibiliza los problemas femeninos ante el Derecho, cuando no se promueven las capacidades de las mujeres, así como ante las insuficiencias del Derecho para abordar cuestiones específicas. situaciones de vulnerabilidad femenina, poniendo como ejemplo el caso de la violencia obstétrica en Brasil. El problema de investigación tiene como objetivo cuestionar lo siguiente: cómo la Teoría Feminista del Derecho, junto con sus propios métodos jurídicos, visibiliza el problema femenino de la violencia obstétrica en Brasil, ante un Derecho patriarcal insuficiente para promover las capacidades de las mujeres en una situación específica de ¿vulnerabilidad? Como forma de responder al problema de investigación, el primer capítulo, desde la perspectiva del Feminismo Liberal Igualitario de Martha Nussbaum, aborda cómo el Estado y el Derecho son responsables de la promoción sustancial y real de las capacidades femeninas en situaciones específicas de vulnerabilidad que sufren las mujeres. por la insuficiencia de promover las capacidades femeninas única y exclusivamente a través de la provisión formal de derechos. Luego demuestra que, si bien el Estado y el Derecho son responsables, estos, desde la perspectiva de Catharine Mackinnon, tienen una visión patriarcal e invisibilizan los problemas de las mujeres. Finalmente, ante este impasse, se analiza cómo la Teoría Feminista del Derecho, así como sus propios métodos, son esenciales para dar visibilidad a las cuestiones femeninas, así como para promover las capacidades de las mujeres en situaciones específicas de vulnerabilidad, frente a un Estado y un Derecho patriarcal. El segundo capítulo pretende ejemplificar el razonamiento discutido en el primero, poniendo como ejemplo la violencia obstétrica en Brasil. Se concluye, desde la perspectiva del Feminismo Liberal Igualitario de Martha Nussbaum, que falta una promoción real y sustantiva de las capacidades femeninas en la situación específica de vulnerabilidad de las mujeres a la violencia obstétrica, incluso frente a la protección general de las mujeres contra la violencia. y el papel del Estado y del Derecho en la promoción de estas capacidades en esta situación. Sin embargo, frente al Derecho patriarcal, esta tarea requiere realizarse desde la perspectiva de la Teoría Feminista del Derecho, así como por sus propios métodos jurídicos, ya que el Estado y el Derecho que de él emana, tienen el punto masculino. de vista introyectados, es decir, patriarcales, invisibilizando así el problema femenino de la violencia obstétrica en Brasil. Esta disertación, como metodología, tiene un enfoque cualitativo y, como método de enfoque, deductivo, con el propósito de dar respuesta al problema. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la técnica de investigación bibliográfica de fuentes secundarias y la técnica de investigación documental de fuentes primarias, además de utilizar la técnica de investigación de estudio de caso. Fri, 26 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13158 2024-04-26T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13154 A (des)proteção do direito fundamental à educação: a Educação Integral à luz da Constituição brasileira de 1988 Sousa, Júlia Rodrigues Oliveira The aim of this paper is to draw up a general overview of federal public policies for Integral Education, at elementar school level. Through the study of “Mais Educação”, “Novo Mais Educação” and “Escola em Tempo Integral” Programs, it is possible to detect a constant scenario of weakening and discontinuation of federal public policies to promote Integral Education. In this direction, the paper seeks to demonstrate the importance of a federal public policy to promote the type of education requires by the contemporary era, from the perspective of protecting fundamental and social rights, human dignity and the prohibition of social retrocession and, to this end, we relate the right to education, as an essential right to social inclusion and to the protection of other political and social rights. Furthermore, in times of state omission to provide positive benefits, the paper analyzes the role of the Judiciary in the materialization of fundamental social rights (with the conceptualization and differentiation of the phenomena of judicial activism and judicialization of politics) with the aim of understanding the limits and functions of the Judiciary in this area, with the intention of proposing some necessary guidelines for the realization of the right to education in the contemporary brazilian context. The paper uses the deductive approach method, as it starts from generic arguments to particular ones, while the method of procedure is monographic due to the study of books, articles, theses, dissertations, among others, in the development of the research. Thu, 18 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13154 2024-04-18T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13152 A precedentalização do direito brasileiro: uma análise sobre a importação de institutos do common law à luz das capacidades institucionais do Poder Judiciário Talon, Jean This work focuses on examining the criteria that the current legislature would have used when importing, into the 2015 Civil Procedure Code project, institutes typical of the common law legal tradition, notably those that sublimate the culture of precedents as constructive element of Law. Thus, specifically, it is sought in Senate Bill no. 166/10 the criteria that would have created a Brazilian system of precedents by guiding the uniformity of jurisprudence, in addition to imposing duties, compliance, on judges and courts to keep it intact and stable. These imports, which come to carry the strange neologism of commonlization, receive all kinds of criticism from legal doctrine, especially from those who, with an eye on historical criteria, see that certain institutional categories from outside do not suit Brazil, born under the sign of civil law. Under bibliographical research in doctrinal works and in various documents issued by public institutions (Brazilian Judiciary and Legislature), the work follows a path that initially established the legal traditions that shade that of the so-called Western World. Thus, starting from the conception of Law in Classical Greece and Ancient Rome, we arrive at the legal traditions of common law and civil law. Having compared the traditions, the work's issues are examined: the imports of common law types and their controversies to Brazil. Under this influence, despite the criticism about the mens legislatoris, the socalled will of the legislator, the criteria for importation are sought in PLS 166/10. Thoroughly scrutinized (preliminary project and justifications, committee reports, considerations in public hearings, debates in sessions with the Senate and the countless suggestions from civil society and entities linked to the Law) we will seek to find the criteria that satisfactorily justify why of imports, something so disruptive in convolving a paradigmatic change in the national legal matrix, and therefore worthy of detailed, careful and dispassionate reflection. Furthermore, once the imports have been made, the research addresses the possibility that this represents the overcoming of Legal Positivism, in addition to other consequences that communicate the Right to Politics, namely judicial activism, legislative reactions to this phenomenon and dialogical theories between the Powers. Tue, 02 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13152 2024-07-02T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13150 A concretização do direito fundamental ao acesso à moradia: (im)possibilidade de efetivação Gregorius, Eugênia Amábilis This work addresses the issue of the constitutional right to housing, offering a perspective on how the implementation of fundamental rights, especially the fundamental right to housing, can be implemented by the Courts, as well with the participation of the entire community, the effective beneficiaries of this right. For this analysis, the first chapter explores the historical evolution of the main models of State, from the Liberal State, the Social State and the Democratic State of Law, to its most current development, the Socio-Environmental State of Law. The study then focuses on the means of ensuring the implementation of rights, specifically social rights. The research turns to the architecture of public policies, in a way that allows the realization of fundamental rights, notably access to housing, thus contemplating the realization of the right to housing, established in the Federal Constitution of 1988. Finally, based on cases considered emblematic, the dissertation analyzes the importance of the courts in making the right to housing a reality. In this context, we can see ADPF 828/STF, reported by Justice Luis Roberto Barroso, who in his vote made it compulsory for the country's courts to set up commissions on land conflicts. And lastly, mention is made of the projects carried out by the Rio Grande do Sul Court of Justice, in an innovative and avant-garde way, aimed at guaranteeing these fundamental rights. Thus, based on this argumentative architecture, we seek to answer the questions that problematize this research, guided by the relationship between the right to housing, public policies and the actions of the Judiciary. The research method is deductive, using a bibliographical research technique. Tue, 26 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13150 2024-03-26T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13149 Metaética e fundamentação dos direitos humanos: uma análise expressivista Bisol, César This dissertation investigates the basis of human rights against the background of moral language. From a reading of metaethics, in which the aspect of moral expressivism stands out, we seek to explain the foundation through the analysis of Allan Gibbard and his expressivist theory. The research uses the expressivist metaethical method and follows the analytical philosophy's differentiation guideline between ethics and metaethics, namely between moral discourse and philosophy about the discourse of morality, or between moral statements and statements about moral statements. The aim is to arrive at a clear understanding of the nature of morality regarding human rights and the relationship between the reasons for a moral commitment. In this way, with the possibility of appropriating metaethical studies to analyze human rights, the central problem of this research seeks to answer the following question: can Allan Gibbard's expressivist theory of the norm support the legal nature of human rights? Aiming to achieve the research objective, the first step aims to investigate the link between human rights and moral rights, which will enable subsequent analysis of metaethics, since the moral nature of human rights will be examined. Thus, in the third part, it is concluded that a metaethical approach supported by normative expressivism can be the central point for the foundation of human rights. The path taken in the previous points presents itself as a justification for the analysis of the present work, which aims to seek a foundation for human rights that is not the same as the common thinking of positive law. As human rights have moral characteristics and, therefore, are part of moral discourse, they must be considered moral to the extent that they pursue the firm purpose of attributing a notion of universality to the highest values of human existence. Thu, 11 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13149 2024-04-11T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13148 Inovação tecnológica, aprendizado vivencial e direito: a experiência concreta como fonte de conhecimento para o preparo do jurista brasileiro no século XXI Costa, Camile Souza By indicating concrete experience as the source of knowledge for the preparation of Brazilian jurists in fulfilling their important role in a society undergoing transformation, the proposed objective is to address the act of knowing in its essence and authenticity as an important tool to tackle the challenges caused by technological advancements, especially the widespread use of artificial intelligence in the early decades of the 21st century. The focus is on young law students, members of Generation Z, based on Luciano Floridi's conception, as they possess the potential to bring about the necessary changes in a reality where online and offline are no longer distinguishable, and information - or data - is the new generative power of reality. In this context, theoretical learning, while indispensable, needs to be accompanied by concrete experience, i.e., experiential learning, so that responses to the mentioned challenges are consistently aligned with immediate reality and provide ethical and responsible solutions. The proposed method to achieve this is the problematization methodology, and thus, the problem of this research is to identify: to what extent this methodology encourages students to connect with reality for their self-improvement, towards identifying the most functional legal response to each presented context? As for the methodology, a literature review and the analysis of environments where learning occurs through contextualized experience are employed. The conclusion is that in an unprecedented reality with still unknown challenges, theory proves to be a valid instrument when complemented by on-site experience, i.e., the perception gained from direct immersion in the context where the issue to be resolved arises. Thus, knowledge arises from the concrete, from reality as it manifests, and the future legal professional, the current law student, by internalizing it, is then able to learn, from their own experiences, to find answers that balance innovation, ethics, and responsibility—essential qualities jointly needed for the 21st century. Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13148 2024-03-21T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12994 Introdução hermenêutica ao positivismo jurídico inclusivo: a teoria do Direito de Matthew Kramer Campis, Francisco Kliemann a This dissertation aims to investigate Matthew Kramer's theoretical proposal within Legal Theory. Through an exploration of the main assumptions and implications of the history of Legal Positivism, the research seeks to position Kramer's Inclusive Legal Positivism. To achieve this goal, and based on a bibliographic review conducted under the phenomenological method (underlying the tradition of Legal Hermeneutics Critique by Lenio Streck), the study, structured in three chapters, addresses the following topics: in the first chapter, (i) Some introductory notions and important considerations regarding the discussion of Legal Positivism, the historical context of the emergence of legal positivism in the classical common law theory, and (ii) the theory of Edward Coke and subsequent Positivists who shaped the AngloSaxon tradition: Hobbes, Bentham, and Austin; in the second chapter, the investigation turns to (i) Herbert Hart and the transition from a command theory to a normative-descriptive theory and the development of Legal Positivism within the philosophy of language; (ii) then introduces Ronald Dworkin's "general attack" on Legal Positivism and its hermeneutic counterpoints that led to a division within Legal Positivism; finally, in the third chapter, I aim to demonstrate (i) how Dworkin's "general attack" caused a division in legal positivism, (ii) what Inclusive Legal Positivism entails, and (iii) the arguments put forth by Matthew Kramer supporting his view of Inclusive Legal Positivism and its connection between Law and morality. In this sense, the conclusion is that Kramer offers a novel and highly original approach to Legal Positivism and its relationship with morality, addressing many of Dworkin's questions but proving inadequate in interpreting Law as an interpretive rather than criterial phenomenon, a problem shared by all legal positivists.; Diese Dissertation hat zum Hauptziel, die theoretischen Ansätze von Matthew Kramer in der Rechtstheorie zu untersuchen. Durch die Aufdeckung der wichtigsten Annahmen und Implikationen der Geschichte des Rechtspositivismus beabsichtigt die Forschung, den inklusiven Rechtspositivismus von Kramer zu verorten. Zu diesem Zweck und auf Grundlage einer bibliografischen Recherche, die unter der "phänomenologischen Methode" (im Kontext der Tradition der Rechtshermeneutik von Lenio Streck) durchgeführt wurde, behandelt die Studie in drei Kapiteln die folgenden Themen: Im ersten Kapitel werden (i) einige einführende Begriffe und wichtige Überlegungen zur Diskussion des Rechtspositivismus erörtert, der historische Kontext des Aufkommens des Rechtspositivismus im Rahmen der klassischen Common-Law-Theorie und (ii) die Theorie von Edward Coke sowie die Positivisten, die ihm folgten und die anglo-sächsische Tradition prägten: Hobbes, Bentham und Austin; Im zweiten Kapitel wendet sich die Untersuchung (i) Herbert Hart und dem Übergang von einer Befehlstheorie zu einer normativ-deskriptiven Theorie zu sowie der Entwicklung des Rechtspositivismus innerhalb der Sprachphilosophie zu; (ii) führt dann den "generellen Angriff" von Ronald Dworkin gegen den Rechtspositivismus ein und seine hermeneutischen Gegenpunkte, die zu einer Spaltung im Rechtspositivismus führten; schließlich zielt das dritte Kapitel darauf ab zu zeigen, (i) wie der "generelle Angriff" von Dworkin eine Spaltung im Rechtspositivismus verursachte, (ii) was der inklusive Rechtspositivismus beinhaltet, und (iii) die Argumente, die Matthew Kramer für seine Sicht des inklusiven Rechtspositivismus und dessen Verbindung zwischen Recht und Moral vorbringt. In diesem Sinne kommt die Schlussfolgerung zu dem Ergebnis, dass Kramer einen neuartigen und äußerst originellen Ansatz zum Rechtspositivismus und seiner Beziehung zur Moral bietet, viele der Fragen von Dworkin anspricht, aber sich als unzureichend bei der Interpretation des Rechts als Phänomen der Interpretation und nicht der Kriterien herausstellt, ein Problem, das alle Rechtspositivisten teilen.; Cette thèse a pour objectif principal d'investiguer la proposition théorique de Matthew Kramer dans la Théorie du Droit. En révélant les principales hypothèses et implications de l'histoire du Positivisme Juridique, la recherche vise à situer le Positivisme Juridique Inclusif de Kramer. À cette fin, et à partir d'une recherche bibliographique menée selon la méthode phénoménologique (sous-jacente à la tradition de la Critique Herméneutique du Droit de Lenio Streck), l'étude, structurée en trois chapitres, aborde les thèmes suivants : dans le premier chapitre, (i) Certaines notions introductives et importantes considérations sur la discussion du Positivisme Juridique, le contexte historique de l'émergence du positivisme juridique dans la théorie classique de la common law, et (ii) la théorie d'Edward Coke et des positivistes qui lui ont succédé et ont façonné la tradition anglo-saxonne : Hobbes, Bentham et Austin ; dans le deuxième chapitre, l'investigation se tourne vers (i) Herbert Hart et le passage d'une théorie du commandement à une théorie normativedescriptive, et le développement du Positivisme Juridique dans la philosophie du langage ; (ii) puis introduit l' "attaque générale" de Ronald Dworkin contre le Positivisme Juridique et ses contrepoints herméneutiques qui ont conduit à une division au sein du Positivisme Juridique ; enfin, dans le troisième chapitre, j'essaie de démontrer (i) comment l' "attaque générale" de Dworkin a provoqué une division dans le positivisme juridique, (ii) ce qu'implique le Positivisme Juridique Inclusif, et (iii) les arguments avancés par Matthew Kramer étayant sa vision du Positivisme Juridique Inclusif et sa relation entre le Droit et la morale. Dans ce sens, la conclusion est que Kramer propose une approche novatrice et très originale du Positivisme Juridique et de sa relation avec la morale, répondant à de nombreuses questions de Dworkin, mais se révélant insuffisante dans l'interprétation du Droit en tant que phénomène interprétatif plutôt que critérialiste, un problème partagé par tous les positivistes juridiques. Wed, 13 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12994 2023-12-13T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12922 Bioética e biodireito: as implicações jurídicas que envolvem a inseminação artificial homóloga post mortem no direito sucessório Santos, Taiane Borges de Oliveira Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los derechos sucesorios del hijo concebido tras la muerte del progenitor mediante la técnica de reproducción asistida denominada inseminación artificial homóloga post mortem. Para ello, el método de abordaje utilizado es el dialéctico, ya que ningún fenómeno de la naturaleza puede ser comprendido, cuando es visto aisladamente. Frente al avance científico de la ingeniería genética, la bioética y el bioderecho han cobrado gran importancia como guía de la conducta humana, armonizando este avance con la valoración y preservación de la vida. Actualmente existe una preocupación por las nuevas técnicas científicas desarrolladas, ya que abarcan cuestiones éticas y legales que necesitan regulación legislativa. Sin embargo, la legislación brasileña no puede seguir el ritmo de estos avances en ingeniería genética, lo que resultó en una falta de regulación específica para el uso de técnicas de reproducción asistida, aunque hay una referencia a la cuestión en el art. 1597, del Código Civil de 2002 sobre la presunción de paternidad. Esta disposición, sin embargo, no prevé sus efectos sobre el derecho sucesorio, provocando divergencias en la interpretación del art. 1.798 del Código Civil, que trata de la sucesión legítima de las personas nacidas o concebidas al tiempo de abrirse la sucesión. Según la interpretación que se dé a las disposiciones legales, el derecho sucesorio de una persona concebida después de la muerte del progenitor puede o no ser admitido porque, a falta de legislación, debe analizarse si el semen del cónyuge fallecido podría ser utilizado para inseminación Si esto es posible, se requeriría el consentimiento del padre fallecido. Aún así, si el hijo engendrado después de la muerte de su progenitor tendría derecho a la herencia como los demás hijos. Teniendo este derecho, también es necesario analizar la seguridad jurídica de quienes ya han recibido sus cuotas hereditarias ya que no existe un plazo estipulado para el reconocimiento de la paternidad y el derecho de los incapaces no prescribe. Por ello, este estudio analiza, con base en la bioética y el bioderecho y en los principios constitucionales -interés superior del niño, paternidad responsable, planificación familiar, autonomía, libertad, intangibilidad de los legítimos, saisine, entre otros-, las implicaciones jurídicas de la inseminación artificial homóloga. post muerte en el derecho sucesorio. Thu, 05 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12922 2023-10-05T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12921 Segurança pública e violência policial: uma abordagem à luz do estado de exceção na concepção de Giorgio Agamben Brisola, Paula Christiane On ne peut pas nier le résultat pervers que l'élimination de vies sous prétexte d’améliorer d'autres vies peut générer au sein d'un système de justice qui accepte la suspension de la loi pour l’instauration de “l’ordre”. Sur la base de cette prémisse, le présent travail a cherché à analyser la relation entre les actions violentes de la police brésilienne et la caractérisation de l'état d’exception. Avec l’utilisation de la méthode de recherche qualitative et en utilisant la collecte et l’analyse de contenu de données liées à la violence, en mettant l’accent sur les décès dus à l’intervention de la police des unités fédératives brésilienne, cette recherche visait à évaluer dans quelle mesure la violence policière au Brésil exprime une condition d’un état d’exception dans la conception théorique de Giorgio Agamben. La technique de recherche employée a impliqué la documentation indirecte de sources primaires et secondaires liées à la sécurité publique, aux droits de l’homme, à la violence policière et à l’ensemble de l’ouvrage de Giorgio Agamben qui traite de l’état d’exception, comme conclusion qu’il est possible de caractériser l’état d’exception dans la conception emploie par Giorgio Agamben comme paradigme du gouvernement brésilien en matière d’actions lié à la sécurité publique, car l’action dans le secteur est davantage orientée vers la garantie de l’ordre institué que vers la défense de la citoyenneté, des droits et garanties fondamentaux et du système juridique actuel. En outre, c’est possible de défendre que la politique publique employée dans le secteur maintient, même au moment du passage au processus de démocratisation, la militarisation de la sécurité publique, permettant des actions fondées sur la doctrine de la défense nationale, que mis en place des brésiliens dans la condition d’ennemis de l’Etat et qui permet de déduire que, pour le maintien de l’ordre public, il est nécessaire d’établir une logique de guerre dirigée contre l'ennemi caractérisée, la plupart du temps, par la race et la vulnérabilité sociale, permettant des actions policière souveraine, en dehors du système juridique, pour l'élimination de l’ennemi avec le objectif de rétablir l’ordre sanscertitude de la responsabilisation nécessaire à la sauvegarde de l’Etat de droit démocratique. Mon, 23 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12921 2023-10-23T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12919 Por um Pacto Verde Mercosulino: uma proposta a partir da experiência europeia Silva, Mariela Mendes da The objective of this master's degree thesis is to analyze the implications of the reorganization of the European society for the confrontation of climatic changes and its implications for the process of commercial integration with MERCOSUR. Additionally, it is assessed the relevance of a Green Pact in MERCOSUR in the context of climatic changes and bi-regional integration with developed regions. In view of the aspirations of commercial integration between MERCOSUR and the European Union and the role of the environmental agenda in this process, the following research problem was formulated: What is the relevance of the coordination of regional environmental policies in MERCOSUR, which contemplate local specificities and the global expectations of facing climatic changes in the region, for the promotion of intra-regional integration and with European Union? The hypothesis of the study indicates that the progress in the construction and implementation of a regional environmental agenda in MERCOSUR, conceived in the light of local environmental challenges, the Sustainable Development Goals, the goals of the Paris Agreement and the guidelines and goals of the European Ecological Pact, in what could be consolidated as a MERCOSUR Green Pact, it would contribute to the consolidation of the regional integration process and to the implementation of the Free Trade Agreement with the European Union. Therefore, the coordination of environmental policies in MERCOSUR is fundamental not only for the progress of integration in the region and to make the aforementioned Agreement viable, but also to reduce climatic changes and their impacts on the Planet. To test the hypothesis of the study qualitative methodology was used, with a deductive, normative-descriptive and comparative approach. The research technique was bibliographic. The results found partially confirm this hypothesis. It was demonstrated that the implementation of an environmental agenda coordinated and effectively committed to confronting climate change in MERCOSUR would favor the materialization of the ongoing integration process, helping the ratification and validity of the EU-MERCOSUR agreement. In addition, it is clear that the progress of the negotiations of the Agreement occurred simultaneously with a series of demonstrations contrary to its effectiveness, by European States, due to the environmental agenda and mitigation of climatic changes in MERCOSUR countries being charged with contradictions. This is especially relevant with regard to the issue of deforestation and change in land use and the review of Brazil's goals in the Paris Agreement. Therefore, the consolidation of a MERCOSUR Green Pact, contemplating the binding commitment with the fulfillment of the goals established in the Paris Agreement; in addition to the standardization of the NDC of the Member States of MERCOSUR, in order to comply with what was established by virtue of that Agreement; as well as a common system for monitoring deforestation and emissions in agriculture in the respective territory, prioritizing economic growth with zero net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050, in addition to meeting climate demands, would favor the implementation of the biregional integration process.; El objetivo de esta tesina es analizar las implicaciones de la reorganización de la sociedad europea para enfrentar el cambio climático, subrayada en el Pacto Ecológico Europeo, para el proceso de integración comercial con el MERCOSUR, a la luz de la necesidad de se proponer un Pacto Verde para el MERCOSUR. De acuerdo con las intenciones de integración comercial del MERCOSUR con la Unión Europea y el papel de la agenda ambiental en este proceso, se formuló el siguiente problema: ¿Cuál es la relevancia de coordinar políticas ambientales regionales, que incluyan especificidades locales y expectativas globales de combate al cambio climático en el MERCOSUR, para la promoción de la integración regional dentro del bloque y con los países de la Unión Europea? La hipótesis de trabajo es que el avance en la construcción e implementación de una agenda ambiental regional dentro del MERCOSUR, concebida a la luz de los desafíos ambientales locales, los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, las metas del Acuerdo de París y los lineamientos y metas del Pacto Ecológico Europeo, en lo que podría consolidarse como un Pacto Verde del Mercosur, contribuiría a la consolidación del proceso de integración regional y con la posible entrada en vigor del Tratado de Libre Comercio entre el MERCOSUR y la Unión Europea. Por lo tanto, la coordinación de las políticas ambientales en el MERCOSUR es de fundamental importancia, no sólo para el avance de la integración en la región y para permitir la entrada en vigencia del mencionado Acuerdo, sino también para reducir el impacto que el cambio climático viene causando en el Planeta. Para verificar la veracidad de la hipótesis y responder al problema de investigación, la metodología de trabajo será de carácter cualitativo, con enfoque deductivo, normativo-descriptivo y comparativo y la técnica de investigación será de carácter bibliográfico y documental. Los resultados obtenidos, en definitiva, confirman parcialmente la hipótesis, en el sentido de que la implementación de una agenda ambiental coordinada y efectivamente comprometida con el abordaje del cambio climático dentro del MERCOSUR favorecería la materialización del proceso de integración en curso, contribuyendo a la ratificación y vigencia del Acuerdo MERCOSUR – Unión Europea. Además, es claro que el avance de las negociaciones del citado Acuerdo se dio en paralelo con una serie de manifestaciones contra su implementación, por parte de los Estados europeos, debido a que la agenda ambiental y de mitigación del cambio climático de los países del MERCOSUR está cargada de contradicciones, especialmente en lo que respecta al tema de la deforestación y el cambio de uso del suelo y la revisión de las metas de Brasil en el Acuerdo de París. Por lo tanto, la consolidación de un Pacto Verde del MERCOSUR, que contemple el compromiso vinculante con el cumplimiento de las metas establecidas en el Acuerdo de París; además de la estandarización de las NDC de los Estados Partes del MERCOSUR, a fin de dar cumplimiento a lo establecido en virtud de dicho Acuerdo; así como un sistema común para monitorear la deforestación y las emisiones en la agricultura en el respectivo territorio y priorizar el crecimiento económico sin emisiones netas de gases de efecto invernadero al 2050, además de atender a las demandas climáticas, favorecería la implementación del proceso de integración birregional. Mon, 02 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12919 2023-10-02T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12917 A garantia do direito à proteção de dados no âmbito da ordem jurídico-constitucional brasileiro Santos, Jamerson Lima dos This dissertation aimed to analyze the evolution of the fundamental right to data protection from the General Data Protection Law (LGPD) and what are the implications for the life of the citizen. It analyzes data protection in the general theory of fundamental rights; addresses the right to privacy and data protection; and discusses some legal-constitutional aspects about the misuse of personal data in Brazil. As a methodology, it used the deductive method, starting from the general theory of civil liability for the particular study of the right to privacy and its protection by the Federal Constitution of 1988 (CRFB/1988), LGPD, Civil Code (CC), Marco Civil da Internet (MCI) and other ordinary legislation. At the end of the study, it was concluded that data protection as a fundamental right in Brazil is ensured both by the CRFB/1988, which guarantees the right to privacy, and by the LGPD, which establishes a comprehensive set of rules and rights related to the treatment of data. personal data. These regulations are critical to protecting the privacy of Brazilian citizens and ensuring that their personal information is handled appropriately and securely. Tue, 19 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/12917 2023-09-19T00:00:00Z