http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/1644 Teses e dissertações Fri, 03 Apr 2026 21:44:32 GMT 2026-04-03T21:44:32Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/14024 Do ruido à interdependencia: a trajetória possível do diálogo competitivo para contratações públicas de inovação Santos, Alessandra Cristina Fagundes dos The research has as its object the interaction between the State and the market, within the scope of the so-called competitive dialogue, a new modality for public procurement and the potential as an instrument to encourage innovation, on the demand side. The research problem started from the risks and uncertainties of the effectiveness of the bidding, since the backbone of the new bidding modality is in the dialogue between public and private organizations. From this, it was asked how to mitigate the communication noise in public-private interaction, in the context of competitive dialogue, for the effectiveness of the instrument in public policy to encourage innovation, on the demand side? As a hypothesis, it was defined that the mechanism of communicational interdependence is the key to the success of public contracting of innovation via competitive dialogue as a way to overcome the challenge, enabling not only the enhancement of the use of the modality, but also the scope of the effectiveness of public procurement. As a general objective, it was intended to contribute to the consolidation of competitive dialogue as a public policy mechanism aimed at stimulating innovation from the perspective of demand. In addition, it was sought that this instrument, of dialogic regulation and collaborative participation, contributes to the adaptation of the organizational culture in favor of public-private coevolution, through new communicative processes of construction of meaning. As specific objectives of the research, it contextualized the path taken by the contemporary State until the reform of the New Law of Bids and Administrative Contracts (NLLCA), dealing with the peculiarities of competitive dialogue for public procurement; pointed out the challenges of instrumentalizing competitive dialogue and analyzing the differences in the organizational culture of the public and the private and possible factors of noise and disturbances during public-private interaction in the bidding environment; presented the theoretical mechanism of communicational interdependence in an environment of trust as a key piece for collaboration between public and private economic agents; and, it delivered a framework as an artifact to support agents in the procedure of competitive dialogue. The relevance of the research consisted in the exploration of competitive dialogue as a mechanism that induces the effectiveness of innovative public contracts; the development of new innovative markets; and the effectiveness of the demand-based innovation policy. The analytical approaches conducted to confirm the hypothesis used the theory of social systems as a theoretical framework, from the perspective of Niklas Luhmann. The methodology to produce epistemological knowledge used to confirm the hypothesis was the hypothetical-deductive approach, where it was sought, from the research problem and formulated hypothesis, to test whether the predictions derived from the initial hypothesis are supported or refuted by the results obtained. For the artifact, the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology was used. As a research technique, qualitative and exploratory approaches were used from data collection. The conclusion pointed out that competitive dialogue not only enables innovative solutions, but also promotes the co-evolution of organizations, where communicative noises become communicative stimuli, ensuring that both remain autonomous and operational in a collaborative environment. Mon, 09 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/14024 2024-12-09T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13972 Os efeitos jurídicos do preenchimento do PPP (Perfil Profissiográfico Previdenciário) no contexto trabalhista e previdenciário Nicastro, Pedro Henrique Waldrich This paper analyzes the importance of completing the PPP (Professional Social Security Profile) form in social security legislation for the recognition of special activity in the granting of social security benefits with Social Security and also in the field of labor law. It addresses the legal effects of filling out the PPP form with false information about the reality of the work environment that the insured will have to face, demonstrating the Judiciary's resistance to granting expert evidence. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to propose a legislative proposal with grounds considered sufficient and objective for challenging the PPP form, with the predictability of the acceptance of expert evidence. The first chapter presents the benefits and generalities of the social security legislation that governs the recognition of special activities. It then highlights the importance of conducting a technical expert assessment in social security disputes when there are discrepancies between the information in the PPP form and the reality of the workplace. The chapter also demonstrates the similarities between the recognition of special activities and the recognition of the hazardous work allowance in the labor sphere. Finally, the right to produce expert evidence in social security proceedings is analyzed, which should be treated as a rule, in addition to presenting a legislative proposal as a way to guarantee predictability and legal certainty for those under its jurisdiction. Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13972 2025-08-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13971 Critérios de imputação de crimes omissivos impróprios a dirigentes empresariais: uma análise doutrinária e jurisprudencial Bazzi, Matheus Amélio de Souza This dissertation investigates the complex criteria for imputing improper omission crimes to corporate executives, analyzing the doctrine and jurisprudence of the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) and the Supreme Federal Court (STF). It`s central problem questions how and under what circumstances corporate executives can be held criminally liable for offenses committed by their subordinates through improper omission. The hypothesis points to a lack of clarity and legal certainty, which can hinder entrepreneurial activity. The study focuses on "commission by omission" and the essential "guarantor position," exploring theories that underpin the duty to act, formal and material ones, as well as debating the complexity of subjective imputation in fragmented corporate structures. Thus, it investigates the view of the company as a "source of danger" and its executives as guarantors, as well as the implications of task delegation. In this regard, the analysis proceeds to evaluate effective criminal compliance programs and their contribution in the face of presented risks, outlining their fundamental pillars. Following the theoretical investigation, a jurisprudential analysis of the STJ and STF is conducted, which proves revealing for the research hypothesis. Fri, 28 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13971 2025-11-28T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13970 Prevenção e direito de crédito: análise sobre o impacto das assimetrias informacionais estabelecidades na relação contratual de securitização de recebíveis Rosa, Mariana Mesquita Moraes This study analyzes the role of Credit Rights Investment Funds (FIDCs) in structuring and circulating business credit in Brazil, examining how regulatory evolution and governance practices can enhance security and efficiency in receivables assignment operations. The research is grounded in the context introduced by the Economic Freedom Act (Law No. 13,874/2019), which consolidated the recognition of investment funds as special-purpose condominiums, and by CVM Resolution No. 175/2022, which modernized the legal framework applicable to these instruments. The central research problem consists in understanding to what extent the current regulation and governance practices adopted by FIDCs are capable of mitigating informational asymmetries and ensuring the effectiveness of credit rights, particularly in light of the practical difficulties observed in credit recovery and risk control. The study adopts a theoretical and descriptive methodology, with a qualitative approach, structured in three stages: doctrinal and normative analysis on investment funds and credit assignment; survey and examination of jurisprudence related to receivables enforcement and guarantee validation; and an empirical investigation, based on the observation of FIDC operational routines and an informal interview combined with participant observation involving industry professionals. Based on the findings, the research proposes the application of the PDCA cycle (Plan, Do, Check, Act) as a tool for continuous improvement and for strengthening the governance of FIDCs, culminating in the development of an Operational Excellence Guide aimed at standardizing procedures, mitigating risks, and promoting best compliance practices. Thus, the study seeks to offer both a practical and theoretical contribution to the enhancement of governance and legal security in the Brazilian receivables market. Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13970 2025-12-18T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13969 Aplicação do sandbox na contratação de encomendas tecnológicas nos serviços sociais autônomos SESC e SENAC: análise sobre contratação de inovação tecnológica e gestão de riscos Rocha, Gustavo Santos Rocha da This master's thesis investigates how the application of an experimental regulatory environment, or sandbox, can consolidate governance and risk control in the contracting of technological orders, with an emphasis on the advantages and limitations of this innovative model. Increasing digitalization and the relentless pursuit of innovation have compelled organizations in all sectors to explore new regulatory approaches, such as the use of regulatory sandboxes, especially in critical areas such as technology contracting. In the context of the Autonomous Social Services Sesc and Senac, essential institutions in the Brazilian educational and commercial landscape, the implementation of sandboxes may offer a promising way to manage risks and govern the process of technological innovation. The relevance of this experimental model is even more pronounced in the current scenario, where the speed of technological change and the demands of regulatory compliance impose significant challenges for organizations. From this context, the research problem is presented below: How can the application of the sandbox consolidate governance and risk control in the contracting of technological orders for the Social Service of Commerce - Sesc and the National Service for Commercial Apprenticeship - Senac? Regarding the general objective, the study seeks to ascertain the advantages and limitations of the experimental regulatory environment (regulatory sandbox) in the process of contracting technological orders at Sesc and Senac. Five specific objectives were defined for this research: to investigate the impact of the sandbox on compliance with current regulations and legislation during the contracting of innovative technologies; to verify the benefits of the sandbox in creating a controlled space for testing technological orders, with emphasis on the ability to adapt innovations in order to meet the specific needs of Sesc and Senac; to examine the regulatory and legal environment surrounding Sesc and Senac in order to identify the legal limitations, with emphasis on the responsibility of managers with regard to the use of resources in technological innovation and the risks involved; propose a sandbox implementation plan adapted to the context of Sesc and Senac, supported by a set of good practices, as a potentially positive strategy to increase efficiency in the processes associated with contracting technological orders in the autonomous social services Sesc and Senac; analyze the legal parameters for assessing and mitigating contractual risks in the sandbox. To conduct this study, the Narrative Bibliographic Review method, also known as Literature Review, was adopted. This method follows the conceptions of qualitative research and is configured as an exploratory investigation. It was concluded that the implementation of the sandbox by Sesc and Senac streamlines the innovation and risk management of these organizations and establishes controlled environments that drive the validation of new technologies and strategic collaboration, with the aim of enhancing local socio-economic development. Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13969 2025-05-22T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13968 O Ministério Público entre a fotografia, o desenho e a moldura: uma análise do papel do Ministério Público no processo penal constitucional com zoom no cumprimento da vista do art. 610, caput do CPP no âmbito de apelações criminais julgadas pelo TJRS no ano de 2023 Vilela, Tafate Viana Dias This research, from the phenomenological-hermeneutic method, combined with the analytical-descriptive method, aimed to photograph how the fulfillment of the provisions in the caput of Article 610 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CPP) occurs, which provides for a period of 5 (five) days for the brazilian Public Prosecutor's Office upon the arrival of criminal appeals in the second degree of jurisdiction, and to analyze its compatibility with constitutional criminal procedure, especially regarding the efficient observance of the guarantee of parity of arms. From the analysis of 85 criminal appeals judged by the 8 Criminal Chamber of the Court of Justice of Rio Grande do Sul, it was found that, applying the quantitative approach, on occasion of the aforementioned legal provision, a period of 15 days was granted for a "opinion," during which the brazilian Public Prosecuter submits written opinions on the judged matter, and that a considerable part of the manifestations was contrary to the defensive recourse hypotheses. In light of the identification of a non-legislated utilized space, the study sought, drawing from the legal and institutional history of the Public Prosecutor's Office, using the qualitative approach and the descriptive-qualitative method, possible justifications for this, that is, the traits that led to the photographed design. It was observed that there is a significant institutional effort to consolidate itself among the prominent State Institutions, as well as to establish and maintain insignias such as "guardian of the law" and "representative of society," in which considerable activity of institutional policy and the management of imaginaries, such as the vulnerability of civil society to legitimize itself in these roles, was identified. Additionally, other peculiarities of the State itself and the previously unstable characteristic of the functions exercised by prosecutors were noted to justify this "desire" for institutionalization and the constant demonstration of the need for the expansion of activities. From this, the study sought in the framework surrounding the practice, that is, in criminal procedural law, its compatibility and even the historical-legislative justifications for it, in which it was perceived that the identified prominence is largely due to an imaginary that the Public Prosecutor acts as an impartial guardian, making this practice, even though it allows less space for the accused person, often not even discussed or distrusted. Thus, it was established, from the doctrine explored, that the fact that the Public Prosecutor performs oversight by constitutional order does not attribute any impartiality to it, which is not possible within the scope of constitutional criminal procedure, because this exacerbates the already evident and legally relevant and recognized inequality between the prosecution and the accused person. Furthermore, it was found that even the institution itself does not expect a different performance from the members who act as legal opinion in the second degree, which demonstrates the need for a modification of the practice, in order to ensure the efficient observance of the parity of arms, under penalty of delegitimizing the criminal process in which the constitutional guarantees are not the determinants of the actions of procedural actors. Thu, 16 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13968 2025-01-16T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13967 O advogado como ator social: o papel político da advocacia numa perspectiva sistêmica Schell, Sophie Bilheri This dissertation aims to analyze law and its role in society from a systemic perspective, especially the arguments that can serve as justification for a certain stronghold of political power, taking into account the social function of the profession based on the communication of the legal system with other social systems. The research places the lawyer at the center of the debate as a catalyst for communication between the legal system and other systems, from the perspective of Niklas Luhmann's Theory of Social Systems, which conceives social systems as functionally differentiated, autopoietic, self-referential and endowed with meaning, seeking to identify the logic of the intersystemic communication of law invoked by its role as an operator of Law. The research problem was delimited based on the observation of the growing movement of devaluation of law in recent decades, which suggests the lawyer's distancing from the value systems that governed the profession in its beginnings and may present itself as a social consequence of misuse of its influence as guardian of the psychic system of Law (communication) in the political processes of society. This analysis will be presented in three chapters, containing specific excerpts about the issues that will be developed, with the first chapter seeking to identify the premises for understanding the subject's place in systemic theory, analyzing historical aspects of law and the concepts of systems theory social. The second chapter will analyze the lawyer as a social actor from a systemic perspective, as well as law as an organization, within the three dimensions of organizational culture (communication, knowledge stock and value systems); the third chapter will be dedicated to analyzing the future of law in terms of curricular adequacy in universities, given the evident increase in systemic risks and dangers caused by the practice of full law, due to the fact that we live in a risk society, seeking to formulate some prevention hypotheses of risks, from university education, to the encouragement of legislation that promotes non-speculative protection of the activity and instigating the recovery of the spirit of law in the struggles for the realization of social rights in Brazil, as recommended by article 133 of the Federal Constitution of 1988. Tue, 14 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13967 2025-01-14T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13966 Integração da ética das virtudes com a bioética e o biodireito: uma proposta teleológica de análise ética e normativa a partir da tradição aristotélico-tomista Ritter, Pedro Lopes This thesis proposes a bioethical approach that integrates Aristotelian-Thomistic philosophy, virtue ethics, casuistry, and biolaw, seeking to overcome the limitations of moral relativism and non-cognitivism. In the initial sections, moral cognitivism and the possibility of judging human actions as good or bad based on objective criteria anchored in eudaimonia are discussed. In this sense, every human action should be aligned with a final end—human flourishing—enabling an objective assessment of conduct. Virtue ethics, especially phronesis (prudence), emerges as key to moral deliberation. By combining prudence with casuistry, a practical method is obtained for systematically analyzing concrete cases, thus warding off relativistic criticisms in bioethics. By comparing similar cases, it becomes possible to identify moral maxims and specific circumstances, making it feasible to select the most appropriate action. This approach differs from pure principlism, as it incorporates a teleological perspective sensitive to cultural context. Biolaw acts as a normative link, ensuring that ethical reflection finds practical application. By regulating and guiding medical and technoscientific development, biolaw safeguards human rights and ensures that the capacity to achieve eudaimonia is respected. Thus, ethical conclusions cease to be merely abstract and become normative. This is crucial for preventing cases like Tuskegee and the pseudomedical “research” of the Holocaust, reducing the likelihood of such atrocities recurring. The thesis advocates respect for cultural plurality, combined with a contemporary telos filled by human rights, as a central element for building healthy societies. Although international cooperation is necessary, it is essential to consider the specificities of different peoples, making ethical judgments more effective. One of the main tools proposed for analysis is casuistry, which, through millennia-old resources such as rhetoric and topoi, allows different cases to be brought together, highlights common factors, and thus constructs an ethics suited to particular circumstances. In sum, this thesis aims to employ classic instruments, adapted to the contemporary context, to conduct deep bioethical analyses sensitive to the human telos, avoiding the dangers of relativism and ensuring a more solid and humane approach. Mon, 16 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13966 2025-06-16T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13965 O autoritarismo relacional brasileiro no contexto da hipermodernidade Costa, Oswaldo Poll This thesis examines the Brazilian authoritarian tradition, with particular emphasis on its manifestations within the Judiciary, through the development of the concept of relational authoritarianism. To this end, it presents an analysis of the current global context, marked by the crisis of the State and hypermodernity – as well as characterized by a series of interconnected crises that lead to the notion of constitutional chãos – in order to explore its connections with contemporary expressions of Brazilian authoritarianism. These connections are essential to understanding the two most significant legal phenomena that currently contribute to the reproduction of an authoritarian logic within Brazil’s justice system: judicial activism and penal garantism. A historical reconstruction is undertaken to trace the legal and institutional transplants that were decisive in shaping Brazilian society. Concepts such as Republic, democracy, and popular sovereignty—imported and adapted in a peculiar manner within the Brazilian context—are shown to have been employed not with the intent of transforming social reality, but rather as pragmatic tools to legitimize the status quo. By examining both the international context and Brazilian tradition, the thesis demonstrates how judicial activism and penal garantism have become key mechanisms for sustaining authoritarian dynamics within the justice system. These insights, combined with a critical discussion on the concept of power, enable a deeper understanding of the specific characteristics of Brazilian authoritarianism, conceptualized here as relational authoritarianism. This form of authoritarianism is defined as a broad and complex network of relationships that, in practice, denies effective access to citizenship to large segments of the population excluded from certain social circles, while simultaneously seeking legitimacy through discourses grounded in ideas promoted by major global centers of cultural production. Tue, 28 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13965 2025-10-28T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13964 Senso comum teórico (racista) dos juristas: o juiz das garantias em um modelo processual inquisitório que aprofunda a seletividade do negro no sistema penal Benites, Muriel Fernanda Ferreira The current state of the carceral system in Brazil will be revisited through a critical analysis of the pre-defined stereotyping of incarcerated individuals, often shaped by a racist Theoretical Common Sense among jurists. This research primarily aims to prompt reflection on the construction of eugenic ideological presuppositions disseminated in the discourses of scientists and theorists over the years. It will explore their significant influence as a determinant factor in the predominant incarceration of Black individuals in Brazil, from police approaches to sentence fulfillment. Under the theoretical framework of Adilson José Moreira, the study will evaluate the construction of race and its intersection with Brazilian racial sociology. These elements are contributing characteristics for an anti-discriminatory legal approach by jurists, and the research proposes an analysis of the interpretive parameters of Black and White jurists based on their historical backgrounds. Secondly, the examination demonstrates the existence of presuppositions already defined by Luis Alberto Warat and his concept of Theoretical Common Sense, which corroborate the existence of a racist theoretical common sense among jurists, resulting in doxa justified as episteme. Finally, the paper offers a critical analysis of the advent of the Judge of Guarantees in relation to racial sociology and its potential to disrupt the current praxis of the Brazilian penal system. This includes assessing whether the Judge of Guarantees' role enables the identification of partiality and a resolution to the scenario of selective enforcement against Black individuals within the penal system. This is crucial because, in the current model, the procedural flow hinders the necessary impartiality, leading to cognitive dissonance. This is due to the fact that, in addition to the inquiry being fueled by a procedural model with an inquisitorial heritage and a fascist paradigm, the sentence is determined by the same judge who acted in the preliminary phase, gradually accumulating elements that contaminate their impartiality. Thu, 24 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13964 2025-07-24T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13963 Interpretação e decisão judicial na tradição hermenêutica brasileira: uma compreensão a partir do in claris cessat interpretatio Rocha, Matheus Alves da The present dissertation sought to analyze the problem of in claris cessat interpretatio, which can be translated into the possibility of texts being interpreted literally. A review of the various theories of law that have emerged since the codification movement reveals significant shifts in the freedom of the interpreter and the tension between understanding/interpretation. This work investigates the Brazilian legal tradition, with a focus on the legal hermeneutics developed by some authors, particularly in the context of formal interpretation and its limits. The research will concentrate on four Brazilian authors, representative of different theoretical and political contexts: Francisco de Paula Baptista, Carlos Maximiliano, Alípio Silveira, and Lenio Luiz Streck. Utilizing the tenets of hermeneutic phenomenology, a methodological framework is employed to deconstruct their theses, thereby facilitating the identification of continuities and ruptures in the conceptualization of judicial subjectivity. It is imperative to acknowledge that a fundamental aspect of this work is the necessity of comprehending the past in order to facilitate a more profound understanding of the present. The present study offers a contribution to the existing discourse on Neoconstitutionalism by exploring the potential of Brazilian tradition to inform discussions on the subject. This exploration encompasses the critique of the “Culture of Precedents”, that was inaugurated by the 2015 Code of Civil Procedure, as well as the Brazilian Legal Realism or the Jurisprudentialization of law. Therefore, the objective of this research is twofold: first, to enhance comprehension of the authors who have exerted influence on Brazilian legal hermeneutics; and second, to advance towards a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between text and interpreter. Mon, 16 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13963 2025-06-16T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13962 Compliance nas instituições financeiras bancárias como instrumento de prevenção à lavagem de dinheiro: uma análise crítica a partir do recorte do acordão da ação penal 470/MG (Mensalão) Martins, Maéle Corrêa La presente disertación tiene como objetivo analizar el compliance en las instituciones financieras bancarias como instrumento de prevención del lavado de dinero. El surgimiento de este mecanismo como herramienta preventiva no solo redefine los paradigmas de gobernanza, sino que también plantea cuestiones relevantes en el campo del Derecho Penal. Ante ello, la investigación se orienta por la siguiente cuestión: ¿en qué medida el compliance en las instituciones financieras bancarias se configura como un instrumento de apoyo en la prevención del delito de lavado de dinero en Brasil? Además, como subproblema, el estudio pretende demostrar bajo qué condiciones los programas de compliance podrían haber contribuido a mitigar la ocurrencia de esta práctica delictiva en el caso Mensalão, reconocido en la Acción Penal 470/MG. Para responder a estas interrogantes, inicialmente, el primer capítulo aborda las ideas centrales relacionadas con la expansión del Derecho Penal ante el proceso de globalización y la criminalidad económica, para luego estudiar el origen y los aspectos generales del delito de lavado de dinero, además, examinar las directrices internacionales — con énfasis en las medidas preventivas para enfrentar este problema global —, hasta el punto en que desembocaron en las normas de compliance en el Derecho nacional, descritas en la Ley nº 9.613/98. El segundo capítulo tiene como objetivo explicar qué es el compliance, su repercusión en el Derecho Penal y su función en la prevención del lavado de dinero en las instituciones bancarias, demostrando la aplicación práctica de este instrumento en cada etapa del proceso de lavado. Finalmente, en la última parte, el trabajo se enfoca en el estudio del caso Mensalão, con la selección de fragmentos de la sentencia que evidencian las fallas de compliance cometidas por la institución financiera involucrada en el hecho. En esta etapa, se busca identificar las fragilidades y los factores que contribuyeron al delito y, a partir de este análisis, verificar si la institución contaba con mecanismos capaces de evitar o mitigar la práctica delictiva. En este sentido, la investigación también pretende demostrar los avances y mejoras en el sistema de compliance de los bancos desde la ocurrencia del hecho. Adicionalmente, se propone el desarrollo de una metodología basada en el modelo de Evaluación Mutua del GAFI (Grupo de Acción Financiera Internacional) para medir la efectividad de los programas de compliance en el sector bancario brasileño. En el desarrollo del estudio, se adopta el método de enfoque deductivo, utilizando como procedimiento la revisión bibliográfica de leyes, obras y publicaciones científicas relacionadas con esta temática. Además, en el tercer capítulo se emplea el método de procedimiento monográfico, basado en el análisis crítico del caso. Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13962 2025-03-28T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13961 Fundamentos para uma distinção entre liberdade de expressão e Fake News – Liefare - a partir da crítica hermenêutica do Direito Oliveira, Luiz Antonio da Silva The thesis investigates the foundations and limits of the right to freedom of expression in light of the Fake News phenomenon within contemporary constitutional democracies. It is based on the premise that freedom of expression is an indispensable condition for the consolidation of the Democratic Rule of Law, especially during electoral periods when the formation of popular will depends on truthful and transparent information. The study, grounded in the Hermeneutic Critique of Law – a theoretical framework developed by Lenio Streck –, seeks to establish criteria capable of distinguishing freedom of expression (as a principle-based argument) from Fake News (as a predatory political argument, or Liefare). Methodologically, it adopts hermeneutic phenomenology, drawing on Heidegger and Gadamer, through documentary and bibliographical research. The analysis focuses on the 2018 and 2022 Brazilian elections, in which Fake News proved decisive in manipulating public opinion. It concludes that freedom of expression and Fake News are essentially incompatible phenomena, making it necessary to establish legal criteria that preserve freedom without allowing its capture by disinformation practices.; La tesis investiga los fundamentos y límites del derecho a la libertad de expresión frente al fenómeno de las Fake News en el contexto de las democracias constitucionales contemporáneas. Se parte del supuesto de que la libertad de expresión constituye una condición indispensable para la consolidación del Estado Democrático de Derecho, especialmente durante los períodos electorales, en los cuales la formación de la voluntad popular depende de información veraz y transparente. El estudio, a la luz de la Crítica Hermenéutica del Derecho – marco teórico desarrollado por Lenio Streck –, busca establecer criterios que permitan distinguir la libertad de expresión (como argumento de principio) de las Fake News (como argumento de política depredadora, el Liefare). Metodológicamente, se adopta la fenomenología hermenéutica, basada en Heidegger y Gadamer, mediante investigación documental y bibliográfica. El análisis se centra en las elecciones de 2018 y 2022, en las cuales las Fake News demostraron ser decisivas en la manipulación de la opinión pública. Se concluye que la libertad de expresión y las Fake News son fenómenos esencialmente incompatibles, siendo necesario establecer criterios jurídicos que preserven la libertad sin permitir su captura por prácticas de desinformación. Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13961 2025-12-16T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13960 O animal outro que humano: personalidade jurídica no cosmopolitismo jurídico – a virada ontológica a partir das elefantas Wolf, Karen Emilia Antoniazzi This research proposes an epistemological and legal reconfiguration aimed at recognizing the non-human animal as a natural person and subject of rights, within the context of Latin America's Westernized legal cosmopolitanism. By critically examining modern and binary paradigms that position the human as the sole normative subject and legitimizer of conduct and rights, the study seeks to break away from the dominant anthropocentric tradition, which is upheld by hegemonic stereotypes of humanity based on normative standards such as the human/hetero/normative model. The central problem lies in investigating, through the identification of the human animal as the dominant social actor, the extent to which it is possible to construct a new legal-political epistemology that allows for the deconstruction of exclusionary social imaginaries and the consequent formulation of a new legal category of person applicable to non-human animals. The hypothesis is that approaches grounded in cosmopolitics, decolonial epistemologies, and queer theory—through shared values, capacities, and processes of queerization—create the conditions for constructing this new legal horizon in the Anthropocene. The general objective is to establish the foundations for recognizing non-human animals as subjects of rights with legal personality, through the lens of critical cosmopolitanism and anti-modern approaches. To this end, specific objectives include analyzing the legal constitution of the animal in modern theory, investigating anti-modern and decolonial perspectives, deconstructing stereotypes that define the human ideal, identifying scientific arguments used to justify non-human domination, analyzing social markers that legitimize behaviors and exclusions, and presenting the empirical case of elephants trafficked from Asia to Latin America as a symbolic example of the need for legal re-signification. The methodology adopted is phenomenological-hermeneutic, combined with dialectical analysis, aimed at challenging the binary concepts inherited from modernity and enabling a reinterpretation of law. Language is understood as a central element in meaning-making and in bridging tradition with critical awareness, recognizing that the construction of rights must reflect the complexity of human and non-human relationships and experiences. In this sense, the thesis proposes an interpretive shift in the legal field, guided by interspecies justice, in order to re-signify the legal personality of the non-human animal in light of contemporary ethical, philosophical, and environmental demands. Fri, 17 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13960 2025-10-17T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13959 Desafios e implicações jurídico-sociais da desinformação na era digital Klimiki, Kamila This Master's dissertation in Law studies the complex contours and intricate aspects of disinformation in the digital age, focusing on its various forms, consequences and the legal challenges that arise from this current phenomenon. In view of this, the question is: What are the legal and social challenges caused by disinformation in the Digital Age? To answer this question, the research objectives propose as a general objective of the Dissertation: to study some legal mechanisms to mitigate the social impacts generated by the current phenomenon of disinformation. As for the specific objectives: (I) to understand the structuring contours of disinformation; (II) to analyze the social impacts of disinformation; (III) to examine the challenges and legal implications of disinformation in the so-called Digital Age. The first chapter will present an introduction to the subject, accompanied by an in-depth analysis of the different elements of disinformation, covering its definition, historical trajectory and categories, such as fake news and deepfakes. Next, the social and cultural effects of disinformation will be discussed, examining the role of digital platforms, algorithms, and the polarization of public opinion. In this scenario, the reasons that drive the creation and spread of false information will be investigated, as well as the challenges related to its detection. The third chapter focuses on the legal consequences of disinformation, addressing methods to combat it, such as media education and fact-checking projects. The responsibility of social networks and the standards suggested by regulations, such as Bill 2630 of 2020, will also be assessed, as well as the strategies used in the European Union. Finally, the dissertation will present conclusions that will summarize the main results and reflections on the urgent need for an effective and comprehensive approach to combating disinformation, emphasizing the relevance of an ethical and educational stance to build a healthier and more responsible information environment. It is therefore concluded that disinformation, a complex phenomenon fueled by communication technologies and social networks, has serious repercussions in today's society, influencing trust in institutions and public health. It is essential to differentiate between disinformation and inaccurate information, the former being characterized by the intention to deceive. It is important to emphasize the relevance of media literacy and critical thinking as indispensable tools for dealing with this problem. Tue, 22 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13959 2025-04-22T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13958 Consulta pública eletrônica e a LINDB: a construção da cidadania participativa digital na edição dos atos normativos federais do sistema único de assistência social Paganini, Juliana This research analyzed the conditions under which the use of electronic public consultation under the Law of Introduction to the Norms of Brazilian Law (LINDB), in the publication of federal normative acts for the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS), constitutes a prerequisite for strengthening participatory digital citizenship in the Brazilian Public Administration. The history of Public Administration has been marked by patrimonialist practices, in which public assets were conflated with private interests and decisions were made in a hierarchical and centralized manner. Although, over time, the country has transitioned to bureaucratic, managerial, social (societal), and, to some extent, electronic public management models, patrimonialist traits still persist, limiting popular participation to a passive stance regarding the decisions of elected officials. The 1988 Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (CRFB/1988) established three forms of exercising popular sovereignty: indirect, direct, and semi-direct. And even though indirect participation, through political representation, is the most common, there is growing social dissatisfaction with administrative decisions made top-down and without dialogue with society. This scenario reinforces the urgency of expanding channels for citizen participation, especially in the development of administrative normative acts. This is because, with the amendment of the LINDB in 2018, Article 29 now provides for the possibility of conducting public consultations prior to the issuance of normative acts by the Public Administration, in all spheres. However, in the field of social assistance, despite its recognition as a right—and no longer a favor—by the 1988 CRFB (Brazilian Constitution) and the fact that the importance of public participation is enshrined in both the SUAS and the National Social Assistance Policy (PNAS), the implementation of this participation remains limited. Although the Ministry of Development and Social Assistance, Family, and Fight against Hunger (MDS), through the National Secretariat of Social Assistance (SNAS), launched the Normative Acts Management System in 2020 to bring together the SUAS and PNAS regulations on a single platform for public consultation, this instrument did not address participatory citizenship, as its merely advisory nature lacks mechanisms that enable direct public intervention in the regulatory process. Therefore, the research question relates to the overall objective, as the guiding question of this thesis seeks to determine: under what conditions does the use of the LINDB electronic public consultation system (LINDB) in the publication of federal SUAS normative acts constitute a prerequisite for strengthening digital participatory citizenship in the Brazilian Public Administration? The hypothesis is that this would be possible through an intuitive and accessible electronic platform that provides a space open to popular participation, respecting the constitutional parameters of the Democratic Rule of Law. The specific objectives were: a) to present the trajectory of Brazilian Public Administration and its transformations with the advent of the Information Society in the Democratic State of Law; b) to study the lack of popular participation in the process of publishing and consulting federal regulatory acts of the SUAS (National Health System) in light of the Information Society; and c) to propose a new form of management capable of contributing to the consolidation of Brazilian digital participatory citizenship, considering the use of the LINDB electronic public consultation in the publishing of federal regulatory acts of the SUAS. The research adopted the deductive approach and the monographic procedure method, using bibliographic and documentary research techniques. The results demonstrated that, despite the existence of the "Participa + Brasil" and "Brasil Participativo" platforms as tools for public consultation on public policies, both have weaknesses. Therefore, the creation of the "Consulta SUAS" platform is proposed, which will contribute to the consolidation of public management less guided by patrimonialist practices and more guided by an electronic Public Administration. Thus, it is expected that the use of the electronic public consultation provided for in article 29 of the LINDB will be effectively incorporated as a tool for democratizing federal regulatory processes within the scope of SUAS, thus strengthening digital participatory citizenship in Brazil.; Esta investigación analizó las condiciones bajo las cuales el uso de la consulta pública electrónica, de conformidad con la Ley de Introducción a las Normas del Derecho Brasileño (LINDB), en la publicación de actos normativos federales del Sistema Único de Asistencia Social (SUAS), constituye un prerrequisito para el fortalecimiento de la ciudadanía digital participativa en la Administración Pública brasileña. La historia de la Administración Pública ha estado marcada por prácticas patrimonialistas, en las que los bienes públicos se fusionaban con los intereses privados y las decisiones se tomaban de forma jerárquica y centralizada. Si bien, con el tiempo, el país ha transitado hacia modelos de gestión pública burocráticos, gerenciales, sociales (societales) y, en cierta medida, electrónicos, aún persisten rasgos patrimonialistas, que limitan la participación popular a una postura pasiva ante las decisiones de los funcionarios electos. La Constitución de la República Federativa del Brasil de 1988 (CRFB/1988) estableció tres formas de ejercicio de la soberanía popular: indirecta, directa y semidirecta. Y si bien la participación indirecta, a través de la representación política, es la más común, existe una creciente insatisfacción social con las decisiones administrativas tomadas verticalmente y sin diálogo con la sociedad. Este escenario refuerza la urgencia de ampliar los canales de participación ciudadana, especialmente en la elaboración de actos normativos administrativos. Esto se debe a que, con la modificación de la LINDB en 2018, el artículo 29 ahora prevé la posibilidad de realizar consultas públicas previas a la emisión de actos normativos por parte de la Administración Pública, en todos los ámbitos. Sin embargo, en el ámbito de la asistencia social, a pesar de su reconocimiento como un derecho —y ya no como un favor— por la CRFB (Constitución de Brasil) de 1988 y de que la importancia de la participación popular está consagrada tanto en la SUAS (Política Nacional de Asistencia Social) como en la Política Nacional de Asistencia Social (PNAS), la implementación de esta participación sigue siendo limitada. Aunque el Ministerio de Desarrollo y Asistencia Social, Familia y Combate al Hambre (MDS), a través de la Secretaría Nacional de Asistencia Social (SNAS), lanzó el Sistema de Gestión de Actos Normativos en 2020 para reunir las regulaciones del SUAS y PNAS en una única plataforma de consulta pública, este instrumento no abordó la ciudadanía participativa, ya que su naturaleza meramente consultiva carece de mecanismos que permitan la intervención pública directa en el proceso regulatorio. Por lo tanto, la pregunta de investigación se relaciona con el objetivo general, ya que la pregunta guía de esta tesis busca determinar: ¿bajo qué condiciones el uso del sistema electrónico de consulta pública LINDB (LINDB) en la publicación de los actos normativos federales del SUAS constituye un prerrequisito para el fortalecimiento de la ciudadanía participativa digital en la Administración Pública brasileña? La hipótesis es que esto sería posible a través de una plataforma electrónica intuitiva y accesible que brinde un espacio abierto a la participación popular, respetando los parámetros constitucionales del Estado Democrático de Derecho. Los objetivos específicos fueron: a) presentar la trayectoria de la Administración Pública brasileña y sus transformaciones con el advenimiento de la Sociedad de la Información en el Estado Democrático de Derecho; b) estudiar la falta de participación ciudadana en el proceso de publicación y consulta de las leyes regulatorias federales del SUAS (Sistema Único de Salud) en el contexto de la Sociedad de la Información; y c) proponer una nueva forma de gestión que contribuya a la consolidación de la ciudadanía digital participativa brasileña, considerando el uso de la consulta pública electrónica LINDB en la publicación de las leyes regulatorias federales del SUAS. La investigación adoptó el enfoque deductivo y el método monográfico, empleando técnicas de investigación bibliográfica y documental. Los resultados demostraron que, a pesar de la existencia de las plataformas "Participa + Brasil" y "Brasil Participativo" como herramientas de consulta pública sobre políticas públicas, ambas presentan debilidades. Por lo tanto, se propone la creación de la plataforma "Consulta SUAS", que contribuirá a la consolidación de una gestión pública menos orientada por prácticas patrimonialistas y más orientada por una Administración Pública electrónica. De esta forma, se espera que el uso de la consulta pública electrónica prevista en el artículo 29 del LINDB se incorpore eficazmente como herramienta para democratizar los procesos regulatorios federales en el ámbito del SUAS, fortaleciendo así la ciudadanía digital participativa en Brasil. Fri, 19 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13958 2025-09-19T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13957 Sistema de alerta antecipado de risco de desastres e responsabilidade civil do estado: impactos e agravamento de vulnerabilidades nos desastres Scariot, Juliana Lopes The objective of this research is to hold state entities accountable for the (in)effectiveness of disaster early warning systems, particularly those employed during the February 2022 disaster in the municipality of Petrópolis/RJ. The effectiveness of an alert system is multifactorial, involving climate vulnerability, environmental information, and risk awareness. The civil liability of the state entity for failure to act in cases of environmental damage is strict. In this context, the guiding question of the research is: Considering the early warning systems for disaster risk used by Civil Defense in the municipality of Petrópolis/RJ during the February 2022 disaster, are public entities civilly liable for the (in)effectiveness of these systems, given their impact on populations in situations of climate vulnerability? Based on this, the hypothesis is that the alert system in Petrópolis is insufficient to convey the severity of the disaster to environmentally vulnerable populations, which exacerbates their situation and gives rise to the civil liability of the State, particularly the municipality. To test this hypothesis and answer the research question, the study adopts a qualitative approach from a critical perspective, in addition to the hypothetical-deductive method. Furthermore, the research follows a transdisciplinary approach, establishing dialogues with various branches of Law—such as Environmental Law, Disaster Law, Climate Change Law, and International Law—and other fields of knowledge, including Education, Geography, History, and Sociology. This work aligns with the themes addressed by the research line “Society, New Rights, and Transnationalization” of the Postgraduate Program in Law at Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, which focuses on the study of emerging rights, the impacts of globalization, and diffuse and collective rights, all through a transdisciplinary lens. The findings confirmed, based on an extensive analysis of environmental information and risk awareness, that in the context of climate disasters and climate vulnerability, raising public risk awareness is a duty of the state entity, as a strategy to reduce vulnerability and ensure the effectiveness of early warning systems. This approach must be transdisciplinary and inclusive of all age groups. Moreover, the study demonstrated that in the context of climate disasters, it is the duty of state entities—especially municipalities—to work together with Civil Defense to organize meetings of the Community Centers for Protection and Civil Defense, in order to educate and train the population to understand alerts, as well as to enforce Law No. 12,608/2012. In this context, the State’s undeniable responsibility for complying with the National Policy on Civil Protection and Defense (PNPDEC) was analyzed through the lens of the February 2022 disaster. Data collection, carried out through a semi-structured interview, revealed the existence of an early warning system in place during the event, in accordance with the Contingency Plan of Petrópolis at the time. However, it also highlighted the fragility of the Community Protection and Civil Defense Centers and their difficulty in remaining consistent with the PNPDEC, whether due to internal or external factors. Mon, 12 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13957 2025-05-12T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13956 A convergência da propriedade intelectual com a inteligência artificial: um framework estratégico para a gestão de patentes Schmitz, Gabriele dos Anjos This doctoral thesis investigates the convergence between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and patent management in Brazilian Scientific and Technological Institutions (STIs), in response to the structural, normative, and operational challenges that affect Intellectual Property (IP) governance in contexts of technological intensification. The research is based on the recognition that AI not only enhances process efficiency but also reconfigures the ways in which knowledge is produced, protected, and exploited, demanding legal and institutional approaches capable of ensuring regulatory compliance, accountability, and transparency. The central hypothesis of the study is that the implementation of a strategic framework — centered on human mediation and structured along three axes (technical, legal, and institutional) — enables responsible algorithmic governance. The theoretical foundation articulates the contributions of Niklas Luhmann, Gunther Teubner, and Bruno Latour, offering insights to understand AI as a structural coupling agent among the legal, scientific, and economic systems. Methodologically, the thesis combines literature review, regulatory analysis, and empirical research with 31 Brazilian STIs, along with participant observation drawn from the author's professional experience in Scientific and Technological Institutions. As a result, it proposes a framework composed of three macro-stages (identification, protection/formalization, and monetization) and three transversal layers (technical curation, normative validation, and institutional governance), validated both theoretically and empirically. The research also includes a critical analysis of Bill No. 2.338/2023 and the development of a practical implementation roadmap for the proposed framework, both of which are presented in the appendices. The findings of this study contribute to strengthening the institutional capacities of Technology Innovation Centers (NITs) and improving IP management practices within Brazilian STIs, while also promoting, on a broader level, the enhancement of public policies and the consolidation of IP governance aligned with principles of transparency, functional efficiency, and regulatory sustainability in the national innovation ecosystem.; Esta tesis doctoral investiga la convergencia de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la gestión de patentes en las Instituciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (ICT) brasileñas, en respuesta a los desafíos estructurales, normativos y operativos que atraviesan la gobernanza de la Propiedad Intelectual (PI) en contextos de intensificación tecnológica. La investigación parte del reconocimiento de que la IA no solo potencia la eficiencia de los procesos, sino que también reconfigura los modos de producción, protección y explotación del conocimiento, exigiendo enfoques jurídicos e institucionales capaces de garantizar conformidad regulatoria, responsabilidad y transparencia. La hipótesis que orienta este trabajo sostiene que la implementación de un marco estratégico, centrado en la mediación humana y estructurado en tres ejes — técnico, jurídico e institucional—, posibilita una gobernanza algorítmica responsable. La fundamentación teórica articula las contribuciones de Niklas Luhmann, Gunther Teubner y Bruno Latour, que permiten comprender la IA como un agente de acoplamiento estructural entre los sistemas jurídico, científico y económico. Metodológicamente, la tesis combina revisión bibliográfica, análisis normativo y una encuesta empírica aplicada a 31 ICT brasileñas, además de incorporar observación participante derivada de la actuación profesional de la autora en Instituciones Científicas y Tecnológicas. Como resultado, se propone un marco compuesto por tres macroetapas (identificación, protección/formalización y monetización) y tres capas transversales (curaduría técnica, validación normativa y gobernanza institucional), validado teórica y empíricamente. La investigación incluye, además, un análisis crítico del Proyecto de Ley n.º 2.338/2023, así como la elaboración de una hoja de ruta práctica para la implementación del marco propuesto, ambos presentados en los apéndices. Los hallazgos de esta investigación contribuyen al fortalecimiento de las capacidades institucionales de los Núcleos de Innovación Tecnológica (NIT) y a la cualificación de las prácticas de gestión de la Propiedad Intelectual en las ICT brasileñas, promoviendo, en un plano más amplio, el perfeccionamiento de las políticas públicas y la consolidación de una gobernanza de la PI alineada con los principios de transparencia, eficiencia funcional y sostenibilidad regulatoria en el ecosistema nacional de innovación. Wed, 20 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13956 2025-08-20T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13955 Os povos indígenas e a defesa da natureza como titular de direitos na constituição federal: uma análise descolonial a partir de Ellacuría Vilardi, Gabriel dos Anjos This is a Master's thesis in Law, which addresses the following research problem: does the 1988 Federal Constitution allow for an interpretation according to which Nature is the holder of rights based on indigenous worldviews? The socioenvironmental crisis has been increasingly exacerbated. Addressing it requires a break with the anthropocentric paradigm, in which human beings have been elevated to the reason for all things. The general objective of this work is to investigate whether or not the current constitutional order accepts an interpretation that considers Nature a subject of rights, according to original conceptions. The specific objectives are three: to start from concepts of decolonial theory to analyze the "coloniality of power," developed by Aníbal Quijano, in the relations of the Brazilian State with Indigenous Peoples and with Nature; to verify the transformations of legal subjectivity since the beginnings of modern Law and the possibility of classifying Nature as an "oppressed subject," in the terms developed by Ignacio Ellacuría; This research aims to present the General Theory of the Rights of Nature, differentiating its paradigms, concepts, and principles. Regarding methodology, the intention is to use the dialectical method, with a critical analysis of violence against indigenous peoples and Nature, followed by a more expository section on the various understandings of subjectivity, and concluding with a proposed reading of the Constitutional Text. In the first chapter, through decolonial thought, the roots of Modernity will be explored to question some colonial patterns that sustain a dominating relationship. Both indigenous communities and Nature suffer the consequences of the coloniality of power. Therefore, the research intends to take a decolonial approach to the Human Rights of indigenous peoples and investigate their connection with the Rights of Nature. In the second chapter, to verify the possibility of including Nature as a subject of rights, the evolution of legal subjectivities since the advent of the Modern Age will be analyzed. For this purpose, the theory of the historicization of Human Rights of the liberation philosopher Ellacuría and its eventual analogical application will also be used. Finally, in the third chapter, the text will present a brief history of the Rights of Nature, going through its stilldeveloping General Theory, in order to then offer a reinterpretation of the constitutional order, according to the rights to territory and to the Good Living of the original communities. Fri, 19 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13955 2025-12-19T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13954 Democracia no exercício da jurisdição constitucional no Brasil: da redemocratização à ascensão do autoritarismo Klein, Fabio Alexandre This research entitled "Democracy and Its Impacts on the Exercise of Constitutional Jurisdiction in Brazil: From Redemocratization to the Rise of Authoritarianism" examines how Brazilian democracy, since the redemocratization process, has shaped the role of constitutional jurisdiction, particularly in a context of growing authoritarianism and institutional dysfunctions. The study analyzes historical milestones such as the military regime, the enactment of the 1988 Constitution, and the transition from liberal to illiberal democracy models. The methodology employed comprises a bibliographic review and qualitative content analysis, emphasizing the complex interactions between constitutionalism and the challenges posed by democratic erosion. The findings reveal that the rise of authoritarian practices undermines fundamental principles, affecting judicial independence and subverting democratic foundations to the detriment of rights and freedoms. Thu, 27 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13954 2025-02-27T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13953 Federalismo cooperativo e direito à saúde no Brasil: uma análise sobre a distribuição infraconstitucional de competências entre os entes federativos Gitrone, Denis Gustavo This master's thesis investigates the right to health in Brazil, based on the following research problem: the infraconstitutional normative organization that distributes and regulates the administrative powers of Federative Entities meets the fundamental precept that, under the terms of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, is health a right for everyone and a duty of the State? To address this issue, the study is divided into three distinct chapters, each corresponding to one of the specific objectives of the research. The first investigates the right to health in its theoretical and normative aspects. The second seeks to establish a kind of portrait of Brazilian public health. The last chapter focuses on the infraconstitutional distribution of powers between the federative entities and the Judiciary's handling of these issues. It was concluded that judicial intervention should be seen as a component of the health system, since the Judiciary can contribute to improving the Executive's decisions. This strengthens collaboration between the different powers and civil society in the search for the realization of the right to health. The methodological stance is phenomenological-hermeneutic. Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13953 2025-03-31T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13952 A adoção de práticas de justiça restaurativa em contraposição à calamidade do encarceramento em massa: por uma resposta eficiente à política de drogas no Brasil Salonski Filho, Carlos Augusto In the context of the problems faced by current criminal doctrine and jurisprudence, there are two issues that are the subject of constant debate, given the difficulty of finding solutions to improve the social situation, namely mass incarceration and national drug policy. It is no coincidence that the failure of both policies has resulted in 31% of the prison population being incarcerated for crimes related to the Drug Law. Thus, through a broad philosophical and historical analysis, this work aims to present the concept of Restorative Justice, expose its philosophical bases, demonstrate its affinity with humanistic criminal and criminological theories, and cite the first experiments of this institute in history. Therefore, from the perspective that it is already used in various legal systems around the world with effective success, the objective is to demonstrate that, once Restorative Justice practices are adopted within the Brazilian Criminal Justice system, in the sense that many of the methods to be implemented are alternatives to imprisonment in a closed regime and based on this new direction, they will reduce the prison population, thus becoming a new pillar of the National Drug Policy. In this context, Restorative Justice can be established by bringing a new perspective to modern criminal rationality. Based on the values of otherness, humanization, and resocialization, restorative practices, when incorporated into our system, can implement dialogue and conflict resolution through composition and reconciliation, recognizing the almost infinite capacity of human beings to regenerate themselves. Mon, 20 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13952 2025-10-20T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13951 A proteção de dados pessoais e os limites do consentimento nas plataformas “gratuitas” de serviço: contribuições da União Europeia para o Mercosul Slongo, Andressa Zanfonatto La tesina aborda el Derecho de la Unión Europea en materia de protección de datos personales de los consumidores y los límites del consentimiento prestado en las plataformas de servicios en línea, con el fin de identificar las principales contribuciones a la formación del Derecho del MERCOSUR. A la luz de lo anterior, se plantea el siguiente problema de investigación: ¿Cuáles son las principales contribuciones del Derecho de la Unión Europea en materia de protección de datos personales, especialmente en lo que se refiere al consentimiento del consumidor para el tratamiento de datos relativos al uso de plataformas de servicios “gratuitos”, a la formación del Derecho del MERCOSUR? Para responder al problema de investigación, se determinó la siguiente hipótesis de trabajo: El Derecho de la UE, en materia de protección de datos personales y límites establecidos por el consentimiento, se encuentra en una etapa mucho más avanzada que el Derecho del MERCOSUR, debido a que la protección de datos ya es reconocida como Derecho Fundamental, de conformidad con el artículo 8 de la Carta de Derechos Fundamentales. Además, el propio RGPD contiene varias disposiciones sobre el consentimiento, como por ejemplo, el artículo 6, apartado 1, letra “a”, que establece que el tratamiento de datos personales solo será lícito en la medida en que se compruebe que su titular ha dado su consentimiento para el tratamiento de sus datos para uno o varios fines específicos. El apartado “b” del mismo artículo establece que el tratamiento de datos es lícito cuando es necesario para la ejecución de un contrato en el que el titular de los datos es parte, o para gestiones precontractuales a petición del titular de los datos, como en los casos de contratos de consumo online celebrados en el entorno digital. De este modo, la primera contribución al Derecho del MERCOSUR es reconocer la protección de datos personales como Derecho Fundamental y, posteriormente, la creación de una norma regional que regule el uso de plataformas digitales gratuitas, con disposiciones específicas sobre el proceso de tratamiento de datos realizado en el ámbito integrado, que solo se considerará lícito ante la obtención expresa del consentimiento previo, libre e informado del consumidor. El objetivo general es analizar, desde una perspectiva crítica y transdisciplinaria, cómo la UE regula la protección de datos de los consumidores, con especial énfasis en los límites del consentimiento establecidos en los términos y políticas de privacidad de los contratos de consumo en línea relativos al uso gratuito de plataformas digitales, y cuáles serían las principales contribuciones del bloque europeo a la construcción del Derecho del MERCOSUR en la materia. La investigación es cualitativa y exploratoria, y emplea métodos normativos-descriptivos, comparativos y monográficos, así como técnicas bibliográficas y documentales. Como resultado, se concluye que el Derecho de la Unión Europea puede contribuir a la construcción del Derecho del MERCOSUR en la materia en cuestión, con el fin de brindar mayor seguridad a los consumidores del MERCOSUR que operan en el comercio electrónico, confirmando la hipótesis de trabajo presentada inicialmente.; The dissertation addresses European Union law on the protection of consumers' personal data and the limits of consent given on online service platforms, with the aim of mapping the main contributions to the formation of MERCOSUR law. In light of the above, the research question is presented: What are the main contributions of European Union law on personal data protection, especially with regard to consumer consent for the processing of data relating to the use of « free » service platforms, to the formation of MERCOSUR law? To answer the research question, the following working hypothesis was established: EU law on personal data protection and the limits established by consent is at a much more advanced stage than MERCOSUR law, because data protection is already recognized as a fundamental right, according to Article 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. In addition, the GDPR itself has several provisions on consent, such as Article 6, item 1, subparagraph “a,” which determines that the processing of personal data will only be lawful to the extent that it is verified that the data subject has given their consent to the processing of their data for one or more specific purposes. Subparagraph “b” of the same article provides that data processing is lawful when necessary for the performance of a contract to which the data subject is party, or for pre-contractual measures at the request of the data subject, as in the case of online consumer contracts concluded in the digital environment. Thus, the first contribution to MERCOSUR law is to recognize the protection of personal data as a fundamental right and, subsequently, to create a regional standard regulating the use of free digital platforms, with specific provisions on the data processing carried out in the integrated environment, which will only be considered lawful upon obtaining the express, free, and informed consent of the consumer. The overall objective is to analyze, from a critical and transdisciplinary perspective, how the EU regulates consumer data protection, with special emphasis on the limits of consent established in the terms and privacy policies in online consumer contracts relating to the free use of digital platforms, and what would be the main contributions of the European bloc to the construction of MERCOSUR law in this area. The research is qualitative and exploratory, using normative-descriptive, comparative, and monographic methods, as well as bibliographic and documentary techniques. As a result, it is concluded that European Union law can contribute to the development of MERCOSUR law on the matter in question, in order to provide greater security to MERCOSUR consumers engaged in e-commerce, confirming the working hypothesis initially presented. Fri, 03 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13951 2025-10-03T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13949 O jusnaturalismo neoclássico como substrato hermenêutico dos direitos humanos Segundo, Aloisio Cansian This dissertation aims to demonstrate the correlation between neoclassical natural law theory and the hermeneutical territoriality of human rights, presenting this strand of natural law as the theoretical matrix that best aligns with the concept of fundamental human rights. Natural law theory in its essential core establishes a necessary connection between law and its content and, historically, several historicalphilosophical perspectives through which natural law theory has occurred present a series of possible theoretical perspectives in understanding this bond and its foundation. Initially, the study seeks to demonstrate how Thomas Aquinas, as the paradigmatic exponent of natural law theory, structured the connections surrounding the concept of natural law, its relationship with human law and its association with human nature through practical reasonableness. In a second moment, the work also intends to explore how, in contemporaneity, John Finnis develops the AristotelianThomistic understanding of human nature, as well as the various legal and political issues these themes entail. Finally, the dissertation analyses the constitution of legal subjectivity throughout modernity and the structuring of human rights within the contemporary Western legal framework, exploring the transmutation of natural law thought into the secular and rationalist territory in which contemporary State is rooted, as well as the hermeneutic consequences of human rights legal discourse within national constitutions and legal systems. We thus conclude that the legal framework of subjective rights is deeply underpinned in the ontoteleological conception of human being that natural law thought has developed over centuries, making natural law the most appropriate theoretical foundation not only for human rights in strict sense but also fundamental rights and subjective rights in general in their most varied aspects. Mon, 05 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13949 2025-05-05T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13916 O princípio da precaução nos acordos comerciais bilaterais negociados pela União Europeia: impactos nos sistemas de solução de controvérsias Cabral, Nathália Kovalski This dissertation deals with the consequences of the inclusion of the Precautionary Principle under different dispute settlement systems contained in the new generation Bilateral Trade Agreements negotiated by the European Union, and seeks to answer the following research question: What impacts can the Precautionary Principle, when included in different chapters of the new generation Bilateral Trade Agreements negotiated by the European Union, have on their respective dispute settlement mechanisms? The working hypothesis presented is that, depending on the chapter in which the Precautionary Principle is inserted, disputes involving it may be analysed by different dispute settlement mechanisms provided in the new generation Bilateral Trade Agreements negotiated by the European Union, which, in turn, may lead to consequences of greater or lesser impact in terms of the binding nature of the decisions rendered. To support the research, the general objective is to investigate the impacts of the Precautionary Principle on the dispute settlement systems, resulting from its inclusion in different chapters of the new generation Bilateral Trade Agreements negotiated by the European Union with third States or regions. The research adopts a qualitative approach, using normative-descriptive, historical, and comparative procedural methods, from a critical and interdisciplinary perspective. The theoretical approach method is dialectical, considering the economic, political, and social context of the research. The research techniques are bibliographic and documentary. The investigations demonstrated that the European Union’s trade agreements operate under a dual logic of dispute resolution: a binding system for traditional commercial obligations and a non-binding system for the Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter, where the Precautionary Principle is generally included. Although this principle may also be analysed under the binding system through the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Chapter, its application is severely limited by WTO precedents, which compromises its effectiveness and partially confirms the proposed hypothesis.; La presente disertación versa sobre las consecuencias de la previsión del Principio de Precaución por parte de diferentes sistemas de solución de controversias contenidos en los Acuerdos Comerciales Bilaterales de nueva generación negociados por la Unión Europea, y busca responder al siguiente problema de investigación: ¿Qué impactos puede ocasionar el Principio de Precaución, cuando está previsto en distintos capítulos de los Acuerdos Comerciales Bilaterales de nueva generación negociados por la Unión Europea, en sus respectivos mecanismos de solución de controversias? La hipótesis de trabajo presentada es que, dependiendo del capítulo en el cual se inserte el Principio de Precaución, las controversias que lo involucren podrán ser analizadas por diferentes mecanismos de solución de controversias previstos en los Acuerdos Comerciales Bilaterales de nueva generación negociados por la Unión Europea, lo que, a su vez, podrá traer consecuencias de mayor o menor impacto en términos de obligatoriedad en el cumplimiento de las decisiones emitidas. Para fundamentar la investigación, el objetivo general es investigar los impactos del Principio de Precaución en los sistemas de solución de controversias, derivados de su previsión en distintos capítulos de los Acuerdos Comerciales Bilaterales de nueva generación negociados por la Unión Europea con terceros Estados o regiones. La investigación adopta un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando los métodos de procedimiento normativo-descriptivo, histórico y comparativo, desde una perspectiva crítica e interdisciplinaria. El método de enfoque teórico es el dialéctico, considerando el contexto económico, político y social de la investigación. A su vez, las técnicas de investigación utilizadas son la bibliográfica y la documental. Las investigaciones demostraron que los acuerdos comerciales de la Unión Europea operan con una lógica dual de resolución de disputas: un sistema vinculante para las obligaciones comerciales clásicas y otro, no vinculante, para el Capítulo de Comercio y Desarrollo Sostenible, donde el Principio de Precaución suele estar previsto. Aunque dicho principio también puede ser analizado dentro del sistema vinculante a través del Capítulo sobre Medidas Sanitarias y Fitosanitarias, su aplicación se ve severamente limitada por los precedentes de la OMC, lo que compromete su efectividad y confirma parcialmente la hipótesis propuesta. Tue, 29 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13916 2025-04-29T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13888 A contribuição previdenciária garantida ao segurado especial rural: uma releitura a partir do uso de inteligência artificial para os trabalhadores do campo Vicentini, Raquel Barbosa de Castro This Master's Thesis has as its theme social security in Brazil and its roots in the European social security models, especially in the Bismarckian and Beveridgian systems, which influenced the creation of social protection in the country. The theoretical foundation of the present study analyzes the evolution of social security, from its initial conception as a political instrument to its transformation into a fundamental right guaranteed by the Federal Constitution of 1988. The problem of this research highlights the central challenges of the Brazilian social security system, among which the characterization of the special insured, a category that encompasses rural workers, artisanal fishermen and extractivists, whose regulation has evolved over time. The Federal Constitution of 1988 guaranteed the definitive inclusion of the special insured in the General Social Security Regime (RGPS), establishing differentiated criteria for contribution and access to benefits. However, challenges persist regarding the definition of objective criteria for the characterization of this worker, especially in relation to the proof of rural activity and the absence of a financial limit that mischaracterizes the condition of special insured. This point raises questions about the legal nature of the benefits granted and the distinction between social security protection and social assistance. In addition, the research highlights the importance of judicial decisions in the interpretation of social security legislation, emphasizing how case law has influenced the characterization of the special insured. The absence of clear normative criteria impacts the granting of benefits and can compromise the sustainability of the social security system, given the difficulty of establishing limits for the inclusion of new beneficiaries. As a preliminary result, the study proposes a reflection on the need for legislative and regulatory adjustments to ensure greater legal certainty and financial balance to the social security system. Fri, 04 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13888 2025-07-04T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13887 A continuidade das empresas familiares agropecuárias Silveira, Maria Eugênia Pereira Saraiva This research focuses on the continuity of family-owned agricultural businesses, aiming to show how planned succession will ensure the continuity of businesses for future generations, especially given the fact that few family businesses manage to reach the third generation of succession, and the combination of mechanisms and instruments of succession planning can contribute to conferring sustainability on the continuity of these businesses. The research problem focuses on answering how to ensure the continuity of family-owned agricultural businesses? From this, effective instruments and mechanisms are presented to prevent the dismemberment of rural structures built by generations at the time of succession. This is the general objective of the work, and to achieve it, as specific objectives, it is necessary to understand the structure of the contemporary Brazilian family and family-owned agricultural businesses, analyze unplanned succession, understand the instruments of succession planning and mechanisms extracted from the principles of family governance. The methodology used is theoretical, descriptive and exploratory, with the use of technical bibliographic procedures, including a systematic review of the literature, as well as analysis of legislative texts and case law. The research was classified as descriptive research, since its objective was to describe the characteristics of a given population or phenomenon, or to establish variable relationships. The research-as-observer method was also used in order to gain knowledge of the culture of families dedicated to the agricultural sector and how the activity develops in this sector. In the end, it was concluded that traditional succession planning instruments, such as wills, donations and holding companies, by themselves, are not capable of ensuring the continuity of agricultural activities in a harmonious way, and effective mechanisms for this can be found in family governance, professionalization and family protocols. As a practical result of the research, a booklet entitled “The continuity of the family agricultural business” was prepared, which provides information in a simple way to rural landowners with the aim of informing them of the existence of legal succession planning instruments and also mechanisms capable of providing sustainability so that rural property, built by at least one generation, is not dismembered at the time of succession. Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13887 2025-04-30T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13886 Gratuidade da justiça no direito previdenciário: busca pelo direito fundamental à prova e a necessidade de definição de critérios para sua concessão Schmitz, Luna This dissertation analyzes the effectiveness of free legal aid in social security law, highlighting its relationship with the fundamental right to evidence and the need to establish objective criteria for its granting. The study is based on the premise that, although free legal assistance is a constitutionally guaranteed right, its implementation in the social security sphere faces obstacles that limit access to justice, especially for economically vulnerable claimants. The research question posed is: does the absence of objective criteria for granting free legal aid compromise the guarantee of the fundamental right to evidence and, consequently, access to justice itself? The hypothesis suggests that the lack of clear parameters for the granting of this benefit results in arbitrary judicial decisions, generating legal uncertainty and inequality among litigants. The general objective of the research is to analyze the challenges and limitations of free legal aid in social security law, aiming to demonstrate how the absence of defined criteria can hinder the effectiveness of the fundamental right to evidence. The dissertation is organized into two chapters. The first analyzes the effectiveness of free legal aid in the context of social security, based on its origins, comparative legal application, national regulation, and current limitations. The second chapter addresses the fundamental right to evidence as an expression of access to justice, investigating the impacts of procedural costs, the regional and social inequalities faced by claimants, and the need for legislative regulation of free legal aid. The research adopts the deductive method, with a qualitative approach, bibliographic review, and analysis of concrete cases. It concludes that the limitation on the funding of medical expert examinations in social security proceedings—without provision for other necessary technical examinations—undermines the effectiveness of free legal aid and reinforces inequalities in access to justice. Therefore, a legislative review is necessary to broaden the coverage of procedural costs, ensuring the full realization of the fundamental right to evidence and promoting social justice within the scope of social security. Tue, 20 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13886 2025-05-20T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13885 O regime jurídico das invalidades das sociedades limitadas: vícios do contrato social e das deliberações assembleares Endres, Gabrielle Cristina The topic of invalidity in corporate law, although little studied in our country, is one of the most complex and throbbing that is known. The lack of a proper regime and in accordance with the reality of economic life, generates many doubts and insecurity in our current system. The matter that has its own regulation - let it be said, incomplete - only in our Corporations Law, generating many doubts in its field of action, is even more insecure for limited companies, as the legislator has shown itself silent in the chapters where it could have dealt with the topic, only bringing a hypothesis of annulment for this type of company. This is the one foreseen in article 1.078, §4o c / c §3o, of the Civil Code, which brings a period of 02 (two) years for the annulment of the approval of the balance sheet and the economic result. The norm, in addition to being very specific, does not provide for the initial milestone of counting the term. In addition, as a rule, under the law, limited liability companies have subsidiary regulation of the provisions applied to simple companies, unless their articles of association expressly provide for supplementary regulation by the LSA. Thus, in the case of a limited company that is not governed by the rules of anonymity, the general rules set out in the Civil Code are applied. In the first chapter, therefore, the autonomy of business (corporate) law will be discussed, outlining a conceptual and historical panorama on the matter. Afterwards, it was necessary to carry out an in-depth study of the legal regime of nullities, as woven by the General Theory of Civil Law. In the third chapter, a thorough analysis was carried out on the applicability of such theory to corporate matters, including the nullity regime adopted by the Law of Corporations, as well as the importance and use of the principle of sanity, a basic and fundamental point for this search. With the observance of all these institutes, we sought to verify, in the fifth chapter, the most relevant characteristics of limited liability companies, in order to verify the regime applicable to the invalidities of the social contracts and the vices of assembly of this type of business. For this, a jurisprudential analysis was carried out with the Courts of the States of Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná and São Paulo in order to verify how they have been positioning themselves on the subject. Finally, there was an urgent need to create a specific and special theory for business law, above all and mainly due to the demands of security in the flow of commercial relations, agility and legal expertise, which made it possible to bring (in annex), as a practical delivery to this work, a proposal for a legislative amendment to the Civil Code. Mon, 16 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13885 2022-05-16T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13884 Leis de incentivo econômico como normas indutoras de conduta, uma análise econômica dos incentivos tributários Almeida, Filipe Heuser de Taxation is a very important element in life in society, either because it is the form of support for State structures and activities, or because of the transaction costs borne by those who are subject to this taxation. The fact is, it’is an element present in the daily life of society. It turns out that this taxation is a transaction cost, therefore, it´s a market failure. Market failures can change the behavior of agents, moving them away from high-cost conduct, thus, high tax burdens will keep agents away from carrying out transactions. Notably, when an agent stops carrying out transactions the entire chain ends up losing, the State loses by failing to collect taxes, society loses by not reaping the positive externalities of transactions and the agent itself loses by not transacting. Otherwise, when the State reduces or removes the tax burden through exemptions, it generates the necessary stimulus for agents to transact. Thus, inversely to the effect of increasing taxes, their reduction can induce entrepreneurship, which generates positive externalities for society as a whole. As a result of this effect, the public entity can use the tax rule, establishing tax benefits, to induce the entrepreneurial behavior of agents, this is the State using the tax in an extrafiscal way to achieve a win-win situation. From an Law and Economics it’s possible to understand this correlation between an increase or decrease in taxes and changes in the conduct of agents. Mon, 25 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13884 2025-08-25T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13883 A reafirmação da data de entrada do requerimento (DER) no direito previdenciário brasileiro: um estudo sobre os desafios e a importância da aplicação justa e sustentável do benefício Carvalho, Eloise Andrade This research delves into the intricate issue of the reaffirmation of the Date of Entry of the Request (DER) within the Brazilian Social Security Law, underscoring its paramount relevance in safeguarding the subjective rights of insured individuals and promoting the pursuit of social justice. This multifaceted study examines the pivotal role of the reaffirmed DER as a mechanism for aligning the granting of benefits with the precise moment when the insured party successfully meets the required legal criteria, in accordance with the established jurisprudential understanding embodied in the landmark Theme 995 of the Superior Court of Justice. The research, conducted with methodological rigor, addresses the theoretical, normative, and jurisprudential aspects that converge upon the matter, delving into an analysis of constitutional principles of significant import, such as human dignity, the primacy of ascertainment, and selectivity axiological pillars that underpin the social security system. Furthermore, this dissertation does not shy away from scrutinizing the financial and administrative impacts that the application of the reaffirmed DER radiates upon the social security system, carefully weighing the burdens and benefits that emanate therefrom. In this vein, the study proposes the adoption of a set of measures aimed at optimizing the application of the reaffirmed DER, including the issuance of specific regulations, the implementation of training programs for the civil servants of the National Institute of Social Security (INSS), and the strategic utilization of cutting-edge technologies, with the goal of ensuring greater efficiency, equality, and sustainability within the system. The investigation, carried out with diligence and precision, allows for the conclusion that the reaffirmed DER, when managed with proficiency and responsibility, strengthens the social security system in its entirety, promoting a healthy balance between the imperative protection of the rights of insured individuals and the inexorable economic viability of the system. By guaranteeing that the benefit is granted at the moment when the insured party effectively satisfies the legal requirements, the reaffirmed DER contributes to the mitigation of litigation, the streamlining of processes, and the consolidation of a culture of respect for social rights. In final analysis, this dissertation corroborates the thesis that the reaffirmation of the DER is not merely a technical-administrative adjustment, but rather embodies an ethical and legal imperative that reflects the unwavering commitment of the Democratic State of Law to social justice and the protection of human dignity. By recognizing the right of the insured party to have their benefit granted at the appropriate time, the reaffirmed DER contributes to the construction of a more just, solidary, and inclusive society. In light of the foregoing, the research presents a range of suggestions for improving the practice of reaffirming the DER, aiming to ensure that this instrument effectively safeguards social rights and promotes a more equitable and efficient social security system. Tue, 17 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13883 2025-06-17T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13882 O direito à desconexão no trabalho de plataforma: impactos e desafios jurídicos e socioeconômicos Wedy, Carla Regina Thomé This dissertation investigates the possibility of applying the right to disconnect to digital platform workers, focusing on drivers and delivery people, regardless of their legal ties with intermediary companies. Based on the transformations brought about by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the work analyzes the emergence of digital platforms as new institutional structures for organizing work, reflecting on their impacts on workers' health, dignity, and free time. Based on the Transaction Cost Theory of the New Institutional Economy, the characterization of digital platforms as autonomous forms of governance is analyzed. The right to disconnect is examined in the Brazilian legal system, based on the 1988 Federal Constitution and international standards, as well as through a comparative analysis of the legislation of countries such as France, Spain, Italy, Chile, and Portugal. Finally, it is proposed that the right to disconnect be incorporated in Brazil through the Regulatory Norms of the Ministry of Labor and Employment, especially to guarantee the protection of the health and safety of platform workers. The study concludes that the right to disconnect constitutes a legal and social imperative compatible with the fundamental principles of the Democratic State of Law. Tue, 17 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13882 2025-06-17T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13881 A abstrativização do controle difuso de constitucionalidade e a possibilidade de sua conformação à jurisdição constitucional brasileira, sob a perspectiva da crítica hermenêutica do direito Delapieve, Thales Borges This thesis undertakes a critique of Brazilian constitutional jurisdiction tradition, focusing on the abstraction of diffuse constitutional review, as advocated by Brazil’s Supreme Cout (STF), based on the alleged constitutional mutation of article 52, X, of Brazil’s Constitution. The central objective is to analyze the compatibility of this abstraction with Brazilian Law from the perspective of Hermeneutic Critique of Law (Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito — CHD). The thesis is divided into three sections. The first section addresses preparatory elements related to the Hermeneutic Critique of Law (Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito — CHD) and examines the linguistic and theoretical foundations underlying the current model of Brazilian constitutional review. The second section investigates contemporary issues in Brazilian constitutional jurisdiction, such as legal realism, the inadequate distinction between judicial activism and the judicialization of politics, and the inappropriate reception of foreign theories — such as common law precedents and, particularly, constitutional mutation — arguing that these theoretical imports have been politically utilized by Brazil’s Supreme Court to justify a "state of constitutional exception." The third section discusses the institutional crisis of the Supreme Court, linked to its pursuit of self-affirmation as the authentic interpreter of the Constitution, and proposes pathways for the future of constitutional jurisdiction, advocating for the need for an adequate Theory of Legal Decision-Making and a Constitutional Amendment to enable the abstraction of diffuse constitutional review. It concludes that the abstraction, as currently defended by the Supreme Court (STF), is incompatible with Brazilian law, violating the duty of coherence and the integrity of Brazil’s Constitution, and requires formal constitutional reforms for its implementation. The thesis aims to foster a discussion on the abstraction of diffuse constitutional review, ensuring it is not solely dependent on the STF's discretion — even suggesting the establishment of a dedicated procedural mechanism for this purpose. This work is grounded in the phenomenological-hermeneutic "method," inseparable from the Hermeneutic Critique of Law (Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito — CHD). Tue, 29 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13881 2025-04-29T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13880 Metaverso e consumidores hipervulneráveis: fundamentos para a positivação dos direitos à privacidade, integridade cognitiva e do sistema nervoso de crianças e adolescentes, no Brasil e no MERCOSUL Neves, Luciana Sabbatine The research analyzes data protection in Brazil and MERCOSUR in the context of the Metaverse, focusing on children and adolescents, recognized as a hypervulnerable group. The central problem investigates the main vulnerabilities faced by this group in the face of the fusion between the physical and digital, questioning to what extent MERCOSUR could adopt the Brazilian solution to regulate the Metaverse and mitigate such vulnerabilities, especially in the use and processing of personal data. The working hypothesis, intended to provisionally answer the research problem presented, is based on the assumption that the Metaverse is not a product of a single company, but a complex of products and services in the consumer market, which uses, extracts, processes and transfers personal data of its users. Therefore, Lipovetsky's contributions on the intertwining of capitalism and consumption will be used to outline the special characteristics of this new universe that converge to increase the vulnerabilities of children and adolescents who operate in this scenario, especially those arising from the lack of preservation of the right to nervous system and cognitive integrity and privacy, which must be protected, in addition to the other vulnerabilities (technical, legal, socioeconomic and informational) already recognized by the doctrine. To this end, the contributions of Cançado Trindade's general theory of human rights serve as support for the recognition of this new vulnerability (to nervous system and cognitive integrity and privacy), based on the new human and fundamental right that is proposed. Likewise, Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem's theory, related to multilevel regulation, serves as the basis for the proposal to establish a normative provision, in Brazil and, in the future, at the regional level of MERCOSUR, with an impact on the domestic law of the States, aimed at protecting the personal data of children and adolescents who operate in the Metaverse. To this end, it start from the mitigating aspects of vulnerability related to the protection of personal data of this hypervulnerable group, as recognized by MERCOSUR itself and which are partially outlined – in Brazil, by articles 7 of the CDC, 64 of the General Data Protection Law (LGPD) and by the Updated Principles on Privacy and Protection of Personal Data of the OAS; and in MERCOSUR, by article 3 of Resolution No. 11/2021 (Protection of the Hypervulnerable Consumer) – to list good practices to be adopted in favor of protecting this category. The study uses a qualitative, hypothetical-deductive approach, combining normative-descriptive, comparative and explanatory methods. As a result, the initial hypothesis is partially confirmed, identifying a regulatory gap in terms of hard law. The research concludes that regulation in Brazil can serve as a reference for MERCOSUR and reduce the hypervulnerability of this group, highlighting the need to establish the right to privacy and nervous system and cognitive integrity as a new human and fundamental right.; La investigación analiza la protección de datos en Brasil y en el MERCOSUR en el contexto del Metaverso, con foco en niños y adolescentes, reconocidos como grupo hipervulnerable. El problema central investiga las principales vulnerabilidades que enfrenta este grupo ante la fusión entre lo físico y digital, cuestionando hasta qué punto el MERCOSUR podría adoptar la solución brasileña para regular el Metaverso y mitigar dichas vulnerabilidades, especialmente en el uso y procesamiento de datos personales. La hipótesis de trabajo, que pretende responder provisionalmente al problema de investigación planteado, se basa en el supuesto de que el Metaverso no es un producto de una sola empresa, sino un complejo de productos y servicios en el mercado de consumo, que utiliza, extrae, procesa y transfiere datos personales de sus usuarios. Por lo tanto, los aportes de Lipovetsky sobre el entrelazamiento del capitalismo y el consumo son utilizados para delinear las características especiales de este nuevo universo que confluyen para incrementar las vulnerabilidades de los niños, niñas y adolescentes que actúan en este escenario, especialmente aquellas derivadas de la falta de preservación del derecho a la integridad neuronal y cognitiva y a la privacidad, que deben ser objeto de protección, más allá de las demás vulnerabilidades (técnicas, jurídicas, socioeconómicas e informacionales) ya reconocidas por la doctrina. Para ello, los aportes de la teoría general de los derechos humanos de Cançado Trindade sirven de sustento para el reconocimiento de esta nueva vulnerabilidad (a la integridad y a la privacidad cognitiva y del sistema nervioso), a partir del nuevo derecho humano y fundamental que se propone. Asimismo, la teoría de Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem, relativa a la regulación multinivel, sirve de base a la propuesta de establecer una disposición normativa, en Brasil y, en el futuro, en el ámbito regional del MERCOSUR, con impacto en el derecho interno de los Estados, destinada a la protección de los datos personales de niños, niñas y adolescentes que operan en el Metaverso. Para ello, partimos de los aspectos mitigadores de la vulnerabilidad relacionados con la protección de datos personales de este grupo hipervulnerable, tal como reconoce el propio MERCOSUR y que están parcialmente delineados – en Brasil, por los artículos 7º de la CDC, 64 de la Ley General de Protección de Datos (LGPD) y por los Principios Actualizados sobre Privacidad y Protección de Datos Personales de la OEA; en el MERCOSUR, por el artículo 3 de la Resolución N° 11/2021 (Protección de los Consumidores Hipervulnerables) – para enumerar buenas prácticas en favor de la protección de esta categoría. El estudio utiliza un enfoque cualitativo, de carácter hipotético-deductivo, combinando métodos normativo-descriptivo, comparativo y explicativo. En consecuencia, la hipótesis inicial se confirma parcialmente, revelando un vacío regulatorio en términos de hard law. La investigación concluye que la regulación en Brasil puede servir de referencia para el MERCOSUR a fin de reducir la hipervulnerabilidad de este grupo, destacándose la necesidad de establecer el derecho a la privacidad y a la integridad neuronal y cognitiva como un nuevo derecho humano y fundamental. Wed, 27 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13880 2025-08-27T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13879 Herbert Hart e a “Gramática das Regras Jurídicas”: um giro linguístico na Teoria do Direito Silva, Jayme Camargo da The existence of a linguistic turn in Hart’s theory of Law (specifically, in “The Concept of Law”), structured from two fundamental notions of his linguistic method, that is, the “methodological criterion” and the “rule”, was the topic developed. The general objective was to outline the path that manifests the link between the linguistic method and the linguistic turn through the analysis of the notion of rule-following. This path was called “grammar of legal rules”. This expression has a double meaning: i) following social rules affecting the formulation of Hart’s methodological criterion (broad sense); and ii) rules as explanatory criteria of the logic of functioning of the concept of Law (strict sense). The specific objectives unfold as follows: i) going from the linguistic turn in philosophy to the following of social rules; ii) analyzing Hart’s theory of rules in light of the author’s methodological criterion; and iii) to distinguish the notions of method and rules in Hart and Kelsen and to establish the introduction of the participant's perspective in Hart. To this end, the Analytical-Descriptive and Historical-Exegetical Methods were used. The idea of “methodological criteria” points to the distinction between internal and external points of view in the consideration of rules. The notion of “rule” indicates the use of shared standards for the criticism of conduct. The central problem of the study, therefore, was to verify whether the “grammar of legal rules” is structured as an adequate instrument to establish the transition between method and linguistic turn in Hart's theory of Law. A conceptual path was established that started from the linguistic turn, as the assumption of language as the core of philosophical reflection, to the exposition of the philosophical grammar of the rules of language, according to the terms of the so-called second Wittgenstein. The influence of the idea of “following social rules” (“Philosophical Investigations”) on Hart’s aforementioned work was highlighted, by explaining legal rules from their methodological criteria, therefore, from the social practice of following rules. The notion of legal rule was analyzed as a social rule, and as primary rules and secondary rules. The aim was to clarify how its aspects contribute to the logic of the functioning of the concept of Law. Having established Hart’s grammar of rules, it was contrasted with Kelsen’s model of legal rules. The study concluded, with reference to Brian Bix, by emphasising the significance of the internal point of view in legal theory, thereby reaffirming several concepts developed earlier. In this way, the “grammar of legal rules” proved to be a theoretical resource capable of expressing, through the linguistic method, the identification of a linguistic turn in Hart’s theory of law.; La existencia de un giro lingüístico en la teoría del Derecho de Hart (específicamente, en “The Concept of Law”), estructurado a partir de dos nociones fundamentales de su método lingüístico, es decir, la de “criterio metodológico” y la de “regla”, fue el tema desarrollado. El objetivo general fue delinear la ruta que manifestara el vínculo entre el método lingüístico y el giro lingüístico a través del análisis de la noción de seguimiento de reglas. Este camino se denominó “gramática de las normas jurídicas”. Esta expresión tiene un doble significado: i) seguir reglas sociales que afectan la formulación del criterio metodológico de Hart (sentido amplio); y ii) las reglas como criterios explicativos de la lógica del funcionamiento del concepto de Derecho (sentido estricto). Los objetivos específicos se dividen en: i) pasar del giro lingüístico en la filosofía al seguimiento de reglas sociales; ii) analizar la teoría de reglas de Hart a la luz de los criterios metodológicos del autor; y iii) distinguir las nociones de método y reglas en Hart y Kelsen y consolidar la introducción de la perspectiva del participante en Hart. Para tal efecto se utilizaron los métodos Analítico-Descriptivo e Histórico-Exegético. La idea de “criterio metodológico” apunta a la distinción entre puntos de vista internos y externos a la hora de considerar las reglas. La noción de “regla” indica el uso de estándares compartidos para criticar el comportamiento. El problema central del estudio, por tanto, fue verificar si la “gramática de las reglas jurídicas” se estructura como un instrumento adecuado para establecer la transición entre método y giro lingüístico en la teoría del Derecho de Hart. Se estableció un camino conceptual que comenzó con el giro lingüístico, como asunción del lenguaje como núcleo de la reflexión filosófica, hasta la exposición de la gramática filosófica de las reglas del lenguaje, de acuerdo con los términos del llamado segundo Wittgenstein. Se destacó la influencia de la idea de “seguir reglas sociales” (“Investigaciones filosóficas”) en la obra antes mencionada de Hart, al explicar las reglas jurídicas desde sus criterios metodológicos, por tanto, desde la práctica social de seguir reglas. Se analizó la noción de norma jurídica como norma social, y como normas primarias y normas secundarias. Con el objetivo de aclarar cómo sus aspectos contribuyen a la lógica del funcionamiento del concepto de Derecho. Una vez presentada la gramática de las reglas hartianas, se contrastó con el modelo kelseniano respecto a las reglas jurídicas. Se concluye destacando, en sintonía con Brian Bix, la relevancia de introducir la noción de perspectiva interna en la teoría jurídica; fijando así algunos conceptos trabajados anteriormente. De este modo, la “gramática de las reglas jurídicas” resultó ser un recurso teórico capaz de demostrar, a partir del método lingüístico, la verificación de un giro lingüístico en la teoría del derecho de Hart. Mon, 23 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13879 2025-06-23T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13878 Lonl L. Fuller e a moralidade interna do direito: os oito desiderata como limites ao exercício da autoridade Silva, Giovanna Thaís Dias da The present research aims to understand Lon L. Fuller’s theory of the internal morality of law, based on the hypothesis that it constitutes a conception of the Rule of Law, one that responds to the problem of arbitrariness in public decision-making, both at the level of norm production and application (legislative, executive, and judicial). Although Fuller primarily focused on the integrity of legislation, this research hypothesizes that his theory also addresses arbitrariness across other domains of public power. To investigate this, a bibliographical study was conducted, analyzing Fuller’s own writings, the works of his critics, and those of his commentators, adopting a phenomenological-hermeneutic methodological approach, in line with Lenio Streck’s Hermeneutic Critique of Law. The research was structured in three chapters, covering, in summary: (i) who Lon Fuller was and the problems he sought to address; (ii) the philosophical foundations that inspired his conceptions; (iii) what the internal morality of law entails and its constitutive principles, including Fuller’s concept of law and its relationship with citizens’ obedience to norms; and (iv) the confirmation of the research hypothesis — that Fuller’s theory offers a potential response to the challenge of discretion in public decision-making and constitutes a valid understanding of the Rule of Law. The research concluded that Fuller’s internal morality of law should indeed be understood as a conception of the Rule of Law, as it establishes objective and rational criteria that limit the arbitrary exercise of public power. It further demonstrated that Fuller’s conception is not merely a technical set of formal requirements, but an ethical demand grounded in reciprocity and respect for individual autonomy. Thus, Fuller’s theory provides significant normative foundations for confronting discretion and contributes to the strengthening of the Rule of Law and the legitimacy of decision-making institutions. Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13878 2025-08-22T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13876 A (re)construção do Direito Processual Previdenciário: um estudo para a adequada compreensão da coisa julgada em matéria previdenciária Schuster, Diego Henrique This doctoral thesis analyzes the importance of studying the institution of res judicata, taking as a backdrop social security law, where it acquires unique features and is often difficult to approach, especially within classical doctrine – which is bound by civil law postulates. To this end, we first seek to establish the conditions for the formation of res judicata, with particular attention to the notion of legal certainty. Thus, the main hypothesis is constructed: the work aims to analyze the scope of material res judicata. Therefore, the premise guiding the systematization of the topic is to “put everything in its place”, defining the objective, temporal, and subjective limits of res judicata – and this is what ordinary civil procedure prescribes. On the other hand, res judicata can (must) be relativized based on an understanding of criteria already established in law (as in res judicata secundum eventum probationis, present in class actions), and not based on arguments of justice – a claim to morally correct the law. At this point, therefore, the plan is to offer a legal response to the unacceptable situation of denying social protection to those who need it and are entitled to it, but who, for a variety of reasons, were unable to prove the fact constituting their right in the first lawsuit. The general objective of this paper is to study the institution of res judicata, seeking answers to the different situations involving its application (or not). The specific objectives are: to study the importance of due process as a right guarantee in the formation of res judicata; to investigate the relationship between the challenge to the Professional Social Security Profile as a prejudicial issue, taking as a starting point (or return) art. 503, §§ 1º and 2º, of the CPC; to study what constitutes (or does not constitute) res judicata, that is, within the objective, temporal, and subjective limits of res judicata, with special attention to the role of the cause of action; to propose a broader and more up-to-date jurisprudential research to the present day, in order to problematize the different situations involving the application (or not) of res judicata; to propose a broader case law study up to the present day; to examine the different situations involving res judicata, that is, what constitutes (or does not constitute) res judicata, within its subjective, objective, and temporal limits; to study the different instruments – some limited –capable of relativizing the force of res judicata in the Brazilian legal system; to analyze the problem of the lack of exhaustive cognition and, consequently, the (in)aptitude for the formation of res judicata; to present the peculiarities of social security disputes in order to justify differentiated treatment in procedural terms, which takes as its starting point the study of repetitive appeal REsp 1.352.721/SP (Topic 629), in order to question the future of res judicata secundum eventum probationis; investigate the historical horizon, including after the judgment of the precedent; seek in the rescissory action solutions for the violation of the adversarial principle and the mistaken application of res judicata; and problematize the concept of “new evidence” based on a holistic and integrated analysis of the law as a whole. The research thus demonstrates the need to seek legally controllable/reliable criteria to enable the development of legal solutions, aiming to realize fundamental social rights and protect the insured. Fri, 26 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13876 2025-09-26T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13845 Aportes da sociologia reflexiva para a compreensão do conceito jurídico de discriminação estrutural Pinto, Rodrigo da Silva Vernes In Brazilian law, even with a set of regulations alert to discrimination, certain structures of subordination such as structural racism, sexism, structural homotransphobia and other structural ethnic and aporophobic inequalities maintain discrimination persistently in social context. Studies about that subject-area are developed by the legal discipline of anti-discrimination law. It gathers answers to implement the principle of equality and define structural discrimination. Given the theoretical limitations for proposing its concept, which are restricted to descriptions and adjectives linked to terms such as “disadvantages”, “patterns” and “systematic processes of exclusion”, the objective of this thesis is to make use of the contributions of Pierre Bourdieu's reflexive sociology to propose an understanding of the phenomenon of structural discrimination and advance its legal concept. Specifically, the objective is to understand what structures society and domination, based on Bourdiesian categories, and to analyze how legal literature has faced the problem to ultimately relate reflexive sociology and Law; through the conception of what structures society and domination, a legal concept of structural discrimination is proposed. Through theoretical-descriptive methodology, the approach method used is hypothetical-deductive using historical, comparative and typological procedure methods, with the research divided into three parts. The first part addresses sociological concepts and categories for understanding what social structure and domination are, using Pierre Bourdieu's contributions in debate with other sociological studies on the subject, such as those from Max Weber, Émile Durkheim , Karl Marx and Michael Foucault. Other divergences are also addressed, such as those coming from the structuralist linguistics of Ferdinand Saussure and the structuralist anthropology of Lévi-Strauss to, in the end, after the critical exposition of Bourdieu's theoretical framework, demonstrate its reception in the legal field. The second part establishes a dialogue between sociological premises and legal studies on structural discrimination, exposing the potentialities and limitations in the theoretical confrontation on the topic; taking as a reference the studies related to structural racism and, on the other hand, more general understandings about the treatment given to structures of subordination, the construction of legislation in racial relations and the movements anti-racist social issues throughout history are addressed. Something that extends to other biases in the anti-discrimination struggle, such as structural discrimination based on gender and ethnicity, demonstrating the consequences arising from sexism, coloniality and homotransphobia. The third part presents the legal concept of structural discrimination based on reflexive sociology, relating it to its application in legal dogmatics and its repercussions on other antidiscriminatory legal categories such as direct, indirect and multiple discrimination, antisubordination, legislation anti-discrimination law and in jurisprudential precedents on structural disputes. The thesis argues that, based on reflexive sociology, the legal concept of structural discrimination can be defined by the set of historical relations that potentially cause and generate effects on individual and material structures internalized and externalized by social agents and groups. This results in effects of structural social domination/discrimination with the submission of those dominated/discriminated by power and symbolic violence, a concept capable of enabling transformative measures of discriminatory structural dominations.; En el derecho brasileño, incluso con un conjunto de normas atentas a la discriminación, ciertas estructuras de subordinación como el racismo estructural, el machismo estructural, la homotransfobia estructural y otras desigualdades estructurales étnicas y aporofóbicas mantienen la discriminación persistente en la vida social cotidiana. Los estudios sobre el tema son desarrollados por la disciplina jurídica del derecho antidiscriminatorio. El derecho antidiscriminatório reúne respuestas para implementar el principio de igualdad y definir la discriminación estructural. Dadas las limitaciones teóricas para proponer su concepto, que se restringen a descripciones y adjetivos vinculados a términos como “desventajas”, “patrones” y “procesos sistemáticos de exclusión”, el objetivo de esta tesis es aprovechar los aportes de la sociología reflexiva de Pierre Bourdieu para proponer una comprensión del fenómeno de la discriminación estructural y avanzar en su concepto jurídico. En concreto, el objetivo es comprender qué estructura la sociedad y la dominación, a partir de categorías bourdiesianas, y analizar cómo la literatura jurídica ha afrontado el problema para, en última instancia, relacionar la sociología reflexiva y el Derecho; a través de la concepción de lo que estructura la sociedad y la dominación, se propone un concepto jurídico de discriminación estructural. A través de una metodología teórico-descriptiva, el método de abordaje utilizado es hipotético-deductivo utilizando métodos históricos, comparativos y de procedimiento tipológico, dividiendo la investigación en tres partes. La primera parte aborda conceptos y categorías sociológicas para comprender qué es estructura social y dominación, utilizando los aportes de Pierre Bourdieu en debate con otros estudios sociológicos sobre el tema, como los de Max Weber, Émile Durkheim, Karl Marx y Michael Foucault. También se abordan otros contrapuntos, como los provenientes de la lingüística estructuralista de Ferdinand Saussure y la antropología estructuralista de Lévi-Strauss para, al final, tras la exposición crítica del marco teórico de Bourdieu, demostrar su recepción en el campo jurídico. La segunda parte establece un diálogo entre premisas sociológicas y estudios jurídicos sobre discriminación estructural, exponiendo las potencialidades y limitaciones en el enfrentamiento teórico sobre el tema; Tomando como referencia estudios relacionados con el racismo estructural y, por otro lado, comprensiones más generales sobre el tratamiento dado a las estructuras de subordinación, la construcción de legislación en las relaciones raciales y los movimientos sociales antirracistas a lo largo de la historia. Algo que se extiende a otros sesgos en la lucha contra la discriminación, como la discriminación estructural por razón de género y etnia, evidenciando las consecuencias derivadas del sexismo, la colonialidad y la homotransfobia. La tercera parte presenta el concepto jurídico de discriminación estructural desde la sociología reflexiva, relacionándolo con su aplicación en la dogmática jurídica y sus repercusiones en otras categorías jurídicas antidiscriminatorias como la discriminación directa, indirecta y múltiple, la antisubordinación, la legislación antidiscriminatoria y en precedentes jurisprudenciales sobre disputas estructurales. La tesis sostiene que, con base en la sociología reflexiva, el concepto jurídico de discriminación estructural puede definirse como el conjunto de relaciones históricas que potencialmente causan y generan efectos sobre estructuras individuales y materiales introyectadas y externalizadas por agentes y grupos sociales. Esto resulta en efectos de dominación/discriminación social estructural con el sometimiento de los dominados/discriminados por el poder y la violencia simbólica, concepto capaz de posibilitar medidas transformadoras de dominación estructural discriminatoria. Thu, 19 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13845 2024-12-19T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13700 O dever de transparência na divulgação de informações e a confidencialidade na arbitragem societária de companhias abertas: proposta de compatibilização Araújo, Thiago Volpi de This work assesses the dichotomy between the corporate law arbitration confidentiality in Brazil and the securities market transparency. Whereas in Brazil the arbitrations are confidential, even though not from the law itself, but from the arbitration courts regulations and the arbitration clauses on companies bylaws, the securities market requires transparency so that the investors are able to valuate the equities in which they invest. From the referred problem, the essay seeks to comprehend the best way to converge the interests among the public company, the investors and the market as a whole. To achieve this goal and to answer the following question “which is the most efficient way to disclose the information concerning corporate arbitration?”, the dissertation studies the economic theories that justifies the duty to disclose on securities market, as well as the historic development of this duty in the United States of America – country where the securities market is one of the most developed in the planet – and in Brazil. Then, it is studied the dictates of arbitration confidentiality and seek a convergence between confidentiality and the duty to disclose information, aspiring to find a solution which is efficient in Kaldor-Hicks terms. The last chapter of the essay before the conclusion, is an analysis of more than 40 public companies and more than 1.000 documents disclosed by those companies to the market between march 2022 and june 2024 (the time lapse between the Comissão de Valores Mobiliarios’ regulation that implies the disclosure of corporate arbitrations and the date of the research of the documents) so that it is possible to suggest on the appendix to this essay a standard form to disclose the information concerning the corporate arbitrations. The result found, therefore, is that the most efficient way of disclosing the information concerning the corporate arbitrations is through a standardization of the documents, facilitating both the elaboration of the document by the company and its analysis by the both the shareholders and the market as a whole. Wed, 19 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13700 2025-02-19T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13698 A Responsabilidade civil do registrador de imóveis nos documentos assinados digitalmente Aliatti, Elaine This work is an Applied Professional Master's Dissertation in Law addressing a topic that is part of the professional life of a Property Registrar in the face of new technologies. Technological evolution becomes increasingly faster, and it is up to Law to follow it as a way of standardizing it or as a tool to serve the purposes of Law itself. Until recently, there were only physical documents, now technology has created digital documents, resulting in new ways of carrying out transactions. The Property Registrar must monitor all of this evolution, as the titles subject to registration are now sent through the electronic registration center, meaning that this professional, when qualifying the title, is aware of the validity of the digital signature and his responsibility in relation to these new documents. This master's thesis has as its theme the civil liability of the Property Registrar in digitally signed documents. Thus, the problem of this research is: what are the elements that define the civil liability of the Property Registrar in cases of titles digitally signed by private individuals? The hypothesis is raised that the presentation of digitally signed titles by individuals contains the same elements of civil liability as other titles received in physical form, but with the addition of the obligation to validate the digital signature, resulting in new precautions to guarantee the security of legal acts, under penalty of being held civilly liable. The general objective is to identify what can be done to eliminate the civil liability of the Property Registrar in digitally signed documents. The specific objectives are the following: verify the civil liability of the real estate registrar; take a theoretical approach to the different types of existing digital signatures; assess civil liability in digital signatures and present measures to mitigate the risks of civil liability. The methodology used in this research was qualitative, with the technique of national and international documentary and bibliographical research. The conclusion confirms the hypothesis, and it is up to the Property Registrar to qualify the digital titles by checking the validity of the digital signature to eliminate civil liability for their actions. Mon, 14 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/13698 2025-04-14T00:00:00Z