A moçambicidade audiovisual: entre os vestígios do Kuxa-Kanema e os construtos televisivos das emissoras TVM, Miramar e STV de Moçambique

Abstract

The present thesis deals with how the construction of Audiovisual Mozambicity occurred from the activities developed by the film journal Kuxa-Kanema and, later, through the television channels of the country, highlighting TVM, STV and TV Miramar, in the period from 1976 to the first semester of 2020. The audiovisual/technocultural communication is seen as important in the construction and promotion of dynamics that aim to empower society in quest of its own identity, in this case Audiovisual Mozambicity. In face of this, the Mozambican government led by the FRELIMO party, seeing the importance of audiovisual media, created first the film journal Kuxa-Kanema and then TVM. Years later, with the implementation of democracy in the country, Law No. 18/91 - Press Law - was approved, which allowed freedom of communication and the creation of private media, the example of TV Miramar and STV. We highlight the two channels because along with TVM they have the largest national coverage. Being the construction of Audiovisual Mozambicity an identity process of the "New Man", a necessity of the new independent nation, it was anchored in the technocultural media mentioned above, from a transition process of the development of various media and, with focus on audiovisual media, in order to seek images of memories and remembrances of Kuxa-Kanema, going through the genres and television programs of the three channels, which also contributed to this construction. The use of technocultural television media brought up answers to the following questions: How is Audiovisual Mozambicity constructed from TVM, STV and Miramar television channels? How is the audiovisual memory of Audiovisual Mozambicity updated by Mozambican television? Seeking answers to these questions was the main objective of this thesis, taking the inherent theories of Technoculture, Television/Televisualities, Image, Imaginary and Memory. The universe of the research consisted of analyses of genres/programmes and the respective programming schedules of the channels TVM, STV and TV Miramar and the observation of images as memory/remembrance of the Kuxa-Kanema. These elements were used as strategies to construct and mobilise Audiovisual Mozambicity. To answer the questions and achieve the objectives of the research, which falls within the area of Communication Sciences, we resorted to the agglutinated use of methodologies, which are the archaeological method of the media, the method of intuition, cartography, the trail and the method of frames/desiccations and constellations. Some results of this research reveal that television channels are not so comprehensive in the construction of Audiovisual Mozambicity and are, in a way, influenced by the political system.