Análise das práticas adotadas na gestão de portfólio dos projetos de digitalização das empresas de manufatura de grande porte

Abstract

Industry 4.0 has been driving significant changes in business models, allowing organizations to increase the degree of innovation in their operations and become more competitive. The term industry 4.0 appeared in 2012 and is considered an emerging and developing theme. Therefore, conducting projects in this context is considered a challenge, since there is a very high level of uncertainty in relation to these projects. The literature characterizes projects of this nature as innovation projects, due to the similarity of their characteristics. This research aimed to understand how the portfolio of industry 4.0 projects is managed in a large manufacturing company, which has consolidated initiatives in relation to these projects. Through the technique of the case study, we sought to identify how the company conducts the projects of industry 4.0, which tools are used in the stage of selecting ideas, budgeting, resource allocation and portfolio balancing, as these projects of industry 4.0 converge with the company's strategy and what is the impact of these projects on the organization's portfolio. In addition, the study identified the main challenges inherent in these projects. The results that emerged from the case were compared to the existing literature on portfolio management of innovation projects. The results show that there is no division of the project portfolio by categories, diverging from what the literature recommends. Regarding tools, the same tools are used to evaluate projects with different characteristics and the use of financial tools for project selection prevails, even though the literature suggests that more flexible tools should be used in innovation projects. The findings indicate that there is no portfolio balance in the company, contrary to what the literature suggests. Regarding the challenges faced by these projects, they converge with the literature and were classified as: technological challenges, financial challenges, changes in the skills of employees and cultural challenges.