As relações de trabalho na sharing economy: uberização e precarização

Abstract

The study addresses the phenomenon of the sharing economy that emerged in the context of the fourth industrial revolution, as well as the problem of privatization of the law resulting from self-regulation by private actors, in this case digital platforms. These, driven by their network effects made possible by technologicalinformational-digital advancement, emerge as large transnational corporations, capable of relativizing national territorial boundaries, as well as the regulatory capacity of states. In this scenario, the thematic part of the research is made from the analysis of the Uber platform, as well as its social and economic impacts, mainly in the field of labor relations. In parallel, the research aims to understand the concept of sharing economy; to relate the new form of economy (or new form of social relationship) to the phenomenon of the privatization of law and the trend towards monopoly capitalism, which in turn favors the uberization / precariousness of labor relations. And, finally, it aims to present subsidies that serve the political debate with regard to the forms of treatment, and / or ways of coping with the effects of these new work relationships, whose - according to the outcome of the information gathered here - were shown to be mostly negative effects, with the worsening of the precarious ways of exploiting labor. The methodology used in the research is predominantly exploratory, considering that it seeks to deepen the still preliminary concepts of “uberization” and “sharing economy”, as well as, it seeks answers to the problems raised from these. Also, the research is partly descriptive, as it aims to describe the characteristics and behavior of the aforementioned phenomena, in the Brazilian judicial scenario, especially from the inaugural decision of the Superior Labor Court. The approach taken is qualitative with the use of documental, discourse analysis and bibliographic methods.