Modelo de avaliação da segurança operacional de aeroportos

Abstract

For the sustainable growth of the airline sector, it is necessary that the infrastructure and operational management of airports are able to absorb the growing demand for flights, without the degradation of safety. Although the issue of civil aviation safety has attracted great public concern, notably few studies have investigated the efficiency of civil aviation safety. In this sense, the present research aims to develop a safety performance evaluation model for Brazilian airports that identifies their weaknesses and opportunities for improvement. To achieve the proposed objective, the DEA Modeling Method (MMDEA) was adopted in this research. At first, the main criteria for assessing the safety performance of airports are identified. Then, a DEA model is proposed to evaluate the efficiency of airport safety, where the variables were obtained from a systematic literature review and validated by process experts. To evaluate efficiency, a Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) model with output orientation was used. In this research, 125 Brazilian airports were evaluated, using the year 2018 as the period of analysis. The results of the research show that it is possible to evaluate the efficiency of airport safety using the DEA method, where airports with the best and worst safety performances are identified, allowing to rank the entities. Finally, a comparative analysis is carried out between the effectiveness and efficiency of airport safety, allowing the classification of airports into four distinct groups, according to their effectiveness and efficiency. For each group, different management actions and prioritization of airport inspection are proposed to ANAC. By using objective elements to measure the efficiency of safety, this research contributes to studies associated with the analysis of safety performance at airports. Also, the model proposed in this research can assist airport managers and the civil aviation authority managers at decision-making processes and at the development of actions to improve airports safety performance.