Uma análise das barreiras e facilitadores dos processos de inovação em grandes empresas a partir das premissas da inovação orientada pelo design

Abstract

Several scholars have spread the theme of innovation. Schumpeter (1997) was one of the pioneers in approaching this subject and published a first edition of his original theory from the book The Theory of Economic Development in 1912. From that time on, other scholars began to investigate more deeply innovation and its implications. In contrast to the theories of innovation, publications linked to the use of design methods and resources in the innovation process have been much more recent and, according to Cross (2001), a conference on methods of design, which took place in London in 1962, was characterized as a boundary for insertion of this theme as a field of research. Thus, the focus on this dissertation is to identify the barriers and facilitators of design-driven innovation and, for that, explores the universe of four companies from Rio Grande do Sul present in the ranking of the most innovative companies through qualitative research. Along the methodological path, questions about the innovation processes used, the role of design methods and the designers themselves in the innovation process emerged. The results show there is a theoretical convergence in relation to the innovation processes used and the theories of design-driven innovation and that the barriers and facilitators of innovation derive from the context of each organization, which is unique. However, aspects related to the limitation of financial resources for innovation, allied to local culture and a conservative and risk-averse mindset appear as the main barriers to innovate. Thus, implementing strategies related to the development of an internal culture that is more open to inventiveness and disciplined experimentation of new business-related hypotheses, as well as the establishment of an appropriate budget to the moment of the company and specific to the area of innovation can represent facilitators who improve and accelerate innovation outcomes.