Processos tentativos de interação entre governo e sociedade: Casos e percalços comunicacionais nos Governos Dilma Rousseff

Abstract

In this investigation, we analyze interaction experiences between the Brazilian Federal Government and citizens, aiming to describe actions of communication engaged between the years of 2011 and 2016. The context refers to the first years of the 2010 decade, deeply marked by the consolidation of Internet using in Brazil, mainly by exponential access to social media as tools to connect people. During this period, for the first time in Brazil history, a woman is elected President of the Republic: Dilma Rousseff, who remains in charge from 2011 to 2016, when she undergoes a destitution process (impeachment) and leaves the presidency. The main objective is to analyze how the attempts of interaction between Federal Government and Citizen were scheduled and accomplished in this period, synthesized as our research problem in: "How is the interaction between Government and Citizen given from the perspective of communication actions in a mediatization society?". The thesis is structured around the following phases: initially, we explain about context and socio-politics scenarios, highlighting the tensions of the representative democracy and the presidential system. Also, with emphasis in the street mobilizations that emerged online and the role of virtual 'militia' groups. After that, we discuss the object, in theoretical terms, with the mediatization of politics as its axis, highlighting the reality of uses and appropriations of internet technologies and social media, as well as the concept of circulation as a sign of the social media activity process and communication operations. Those activities were implemented by 'actors' in different situations and guided this research to a methodological design which studies 'multiple cases', due to its distinguished genres and due to this varied character of elements. The examined material, distributed in three circuits of communicational action processing, involves discourses, pronouncements, documents, guides, signs of social media performance and websites. This work also seeks out to stress the object from angles of other researches involving analytical reflection, such as: options of participation politics in a crisis situation, the role of the government’s image in the interaction, the social media context and the governance, the contact poles between Government and Society, among others, accentuating the execution evaluation of three participatory web platform experiences created during the management: Participatorio, Participa.br and Dialoga Brasil. Also, we discuss, in evaluation terms, about the nature of the interaction modalities and about the execution and the political flaws. Finally, we discuss about the action perspectives in a society increasingly affected by logics of mediatization. In terms of conclusion, we point out that the Government promoted interaction experiences based on the consideration of digital era, but this was not a political strategy, it was just an attempt. And the processes disruption, in face of conjunctural factors, contributed for this limitation.