Avaliação do desempenho lumínico de ambientes residenciais

Abstract

The use of natural light in indoor environments can contribute to reduce the artificial lighting and, as a result, to reduce the electrical load of buildings. The objective of this research was to evaluate the lighting performance in kitchen and service area environments of multifamily residential with different spatial configurations in the city of Porto Alegre - RS, using NBR 15575 Norm criteria and the Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) method. The study objects covered the kitchen and the service area into two groups: three models with direct natural lighting and four models in which the kitchen was illuminated indirectly. In addition, the research investigated the influence of external elements inherent to the building, such as technical slab and solar protection brise. The analyses were carried out through computer simulation with DIALux software and the Diva plug-in in Rhinoceros in four solar orientations: north, south, east and west. In order to achieve the most accurate results, the internal surface reflectances were obtained by spectroradiometric analysis, which indicated a higher reflectability of the white coatings. Based on the analyses carried out by NBR 15575 Norm, only the kitchen of the model that possessed sun protection brise was classified as intermediate lighting performance, as all other environments were classified as superior performance. The results obtained through the UDI method indicated the prevalence of the autonomous range in the models with direct lighting and the supplementary range in the study objects with natural light obtained indirectly. Based on the models analysed in the two stages of computational simulation, it is possible to state that the environments that had external elements obtained lower values of illuminance. Regarding methods of classification of natural light in indoor environments, the illuminance of the central point indicated by the normative did not coincide with the kitchen sink bench, therefore, the same level of light performance on this surface was not guaranteed, as the UDI method considers the average illuminance of the enclosure, covering areas with lower incidence of natural light.