O funcionalismo penal como tentativa de aprimoramento da dogmática finalista: das proposições teóricas à prática jurisdicional brasileira

Abstract

This research is focused on the study of the main methodological paradigms employed throughout history of the general theory of crime, as well as the contemporary functionalist paradigm in the proposals of Claus Roxin and Günther Jakobs, concluding by the verification that this new dogma chain is already present in the Brazilian jurisdictional practice. In order to accomplish this work, the first couple chapters are constructed through bibliographic research, to enable the theoretical construction of the main points of the causalism, Neo-Kantianism, finalism, and functionalism paradigms of criminal dogmatic, making reference to the classical authors of each paradigm, having been elected as strands of functionalism to be examined the proposals of Claus Roxin and Günther Jakobs, considered the key representatives of this school of thought. After that, we conclude the research with the analysis of trials of the Superior Court of Justice, selected solely with the purpose of demonstrating that the criminal functionalism is already present in the application of the general theory of crime in Brazil. This way, even before the recent prevalence of finalism in the national Criminal Law dogmatic (or else that one might claim that this paradigm is still absolutely valid in the theory of crime), we are already before the adoption of specific points of the functionalist proposal, which can mean the existence of a transitional phase between dogmatic paradigms.