O liberalismo democrático-igualitário e a justiça feminista: um novo caminho

Abstract

This thesis investigates the relationship between the philosophical discourse on justice and the construction of gender equality, considering that the philosophical discourse on justice throughout history has served to justify and perpetuate gender inequalities, at the same time as it constitutes A theoretical field suitable for the flowering of a discourse capable of criticizing, destabilizing and altering such inequalities, from the emancipatory potential of its critical force. In its accomplishment, it uses the historical method, analyzing the roots and development of the patriarchal and androcentric institutions and its repercussion on the current deficit of feminine empowerment in Brazilian society. As method of procedure uses the structuralist method, as a method of approach, the hypothetico-deductive, and as research technique, indirect documentation. In its development, it performs in the two initial chapters the genealogical and deconstruction task of the theoretical cropus of justice. The first goes back to the political philosophy of Greek Antiquity and the Middle Ages, and the second goes back to Modernity and to the nineteenth century, identifying in the discourse of its main representatives constructions, differentiations and oppressions of perpetuated genres. In the third chapter it analyzes the theoretical corpus of feminist justice produced in the twentieth century, and the repercussions of its internal debates. In the final chapter, she analyzes the theoretical / practical developments of the feminist movement in Brazil, showing that gender inequalities are still constant. From these analyzes, it presents Democratic-Equal Liberalism as feminist justice theory for Brazil of the 21st century. Such a theoretical proposal is based on the foundations of multidimensionality, egalitarianism, cosmopolitanism and participatory democracy, combining elements of Nancy Fraser's participatory social theory with the equalitarian liberalism of Martha Nussbaum's capabilities. Combining with capacity theory the emancipatory and democratic potential of Fraserian counter-publicity, it seeks to constitute a political framework capable of overcoming the deficit of female empowerment in Brazilian society, overcoming the weaknesses of feminisms of the late twentieth century, and recovering the critical potential And emancipatory of feminist philosophy.