Análise das propriedades acústicas de contrapisos produzidos com materiais reciclados

Abstract

Bearing in mind the evolution of construction industry, it’s needed to find solutions that do not harm the environment, considering that the sector is largely responsible for the lack of natural resources and increased environmental pollution. A precursor alternative is increase the use of more sustainable products, such as residues to replace natural aggregates. Thus, the challenge is to prove the performance of products and construction systems, especially after the new version of NBR 15575 (ABNT, 2013) - Performance of buildings. The standard establishes performance and comfort requirements for the users, among which is the acoustic. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the acoustic potential of grout composites with partial replacement of sand by residues of agro-industry (rice husk), the shoe industry (EVA) and civil construction (wood waste, sawdust). The substitution levels of 25%, 50% and 75% were investigated. The sound insulation measurement was performed through the impact noise in 1 m² plates, in thicknesses 3 and 5 cm, and the dynamic stiffness test, in plates of 20x20 cm, with thicknesses of 3 and 5 cm. The results showed that the reduction of the impact noise level is higher as it increases the thickness and the residues of the samples, especially in bands above 500 Hz frequency. Regarding the sound pressure levels of weighted standard impact (L'nT,W), EVA stood out among the residues, followed by rice husk. The samples made with 75% EVA showed strong decay in the frequency bands above 500 Hz. The samples made with 50% of rice husk showed reductions of 1 dB for the thickness of 3 cm, and 3 dB in samples with thickness of 5 cm, in comparison with the reference samples.