Insegurança alimentar e consumo alimentar em escolares do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de São Leopoldo, RS

Abstract

The Food Insecurity (FI) is characterized by a lack of access to food of sufficient quality and quantity, affecting the health, social and nutritional aspects of individuals. The FI can be detected by different types of problems like hunger, obesity, diseases associated with poor diet and consumption of foods of dubious quality or unhealthy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between food insecurity and dietary intake among school 1st year of the municipal elementary school in São Leopoldo, RS in 2011 and 2012 It is a cross-sectional study with a sample selected for convenience, totaling 782 students. Data were obtained with a standardized pre-coded and pre-tested to mothers / guardians questionnaire by trained interviewers. To measure the IA, we used the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA), for the positive responses, will be assigned the value 1 (one) and for the negative, the value 0 (zero). The sum of the resulting scores will be classified into four levels: 0 (zero) - food security; 1-5 - mild food insecurity; 6-10 - moderate food insecurity; and 11-15 - severe food insecurity. For the outcome, based on the information form Markers Dietary Intake of Food and Nutrition Surveillance System modified (SISVAN), resulting in 25 markers foods healthy diet foods and 19 markers of unhealthy diets are used. Foods receive a score according to the number of days of intake. For healthy markers, the score will be: zero - zero to 1 day; Of 0.25 - 2 to 3 days; Point 0.75 - 4 to 5 days and 1 point - 6 to 7 days. For the unhealthy markers, the score will be reversed. From the sum of points will be generated a score that may vary from zero (less healthy intake) to 44 points (healthier consumption). This score will be categorized into thirds: the 1st third is considered less healthy food consumption and the sum of the 2nd and 3rd thirds will be considered more healthy food consumption. The associations of the exhibition "food insecurity" and the other explanatory variables and outcome "food consumption" will be tested by chi-square test and linear association. Poisson regression will be used to robust variance to provide an estimate of gross ratios and adjusted prevalence and confidence intervals of 95% (95% CI).