Eficiência econômica em empresas distribuidoras de energia elétrica: um estudo com base na análise envoltória de dados

Abstract

Provisional Measure N. º 579/2012 has established an expressive change in the applied regulations to the electric power sector, especially in relation to the renewal of concessions of power generation, transmission and distribution of those whose contract expires between 2013 and 2017. Besides it the electricity distributors are undergoing the 3rd Cycle of Periodic Tariff Review, a fact that also provides for the reduction of charges imposed on the electricity. This research has determined the relative economic efficiency in electricity distribution companies. This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach based on data of 2012. With the application of the Data Envelopment Analysis methodology one has determined the relative economic efficiency of the 18 companies in the sample. The relative economic efficiency reached 100% score in seven out of 18 of the analyzed companies. The efficient companies are spread across Brazil, but one notes a concentration in the Southeast Region. It is possible to perceive that IDHM is not a determinant factor for obtaining efficiency. In most companies, the variables Total Assets and Net Revenues were the ones, which contributed the most to obtain the scores. The high population density is a factor that can add to a better efficiency ratio, as well as a smaller size of the network extension can be a factor that takes to the efficiency frontier. Among the main points thatshould be improved, there is the increase of income for the period and the reduction of permanent assets.