Simulação computacional e análise da produção de energia para sistemas fotovoltaicos em conexão com a rede elétrica

Abstract

The present work aims to estimate the production of electric energy in grid-connected photovoltaic systems parting from the available radiation, having as analysis and study site the region of Porto Alegre – RS. Two clear sky model, Hottel Model, ESRA Model, beyond the Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) to Porto Alegre, RS, was used at the work. Hottel Model was used as an independent model for verification of the influence between using the air temperature of sunny days or of Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) for all the simulations. The horizontal irradiance data were obtained from the ESRA clear sky model and the TMY. To obtained the irradiance on sloped surface, we used the Perez Model. The comparisons on a typical sunny day in the TMY showed good coincidence in the obtained values. When comparing the energy production for the whole year, big difference was verified among the results obtained by ESRA Model in relation to the ones obtained by TMY, having the ESRA Model arrived to the extent of overestimating the energy produced in up to 27,5%. This difference, as expected, decays when only the energy generated on completely sunny days is compared, reaching up to 6,5 % more to ESRA Model, which suggests that the model may be employed with certain reliability in places with potential for construction of solar power plants. For the simulations with ESRA Model, it was necessary to estimate Linke TL’s turbidity coefficients for Porto Alegre-RS through the Karayel et al.(1984) method. Average monthly values were used in the simulations. Being ESRA Model, in the current configuration, little effective in the substitution of TMY in Porto Alegre, TMY for simulations of energy production in GCPV was used with the implemented technologies. Modules BP 585 Sunpower were used for monocrystalline silicon cells, and modules AP-BP 85 Alps Technology for polycrystalline silicon cells. The simulations compare the energy production for 20° and 30° inclinations, and verify that the 20° angle is the most favorable to energy production in the region. Furthermore, between these two modules employed, the monocrystalline silicon one presented higher values of produced energy in both inclinations.