Distante no tempo e no espaço: Design Patterns para o projeto ergonômico do teletrabalho

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented challenges to several sectors, impacting health, the economy, and society. Social distancing, imposed by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has encouraged companies to adopt flexible work arrangements, such as telework. However, shifting from a well-established office to remote work can result in negative impacts on the health, well-being, and performance of workers. Therefore, this research aims to propose a set of design patterns that support the ergonomics design of telework. In methodological terms, the research was conducted from the Literature Grounded Theory (LGT) and the Grounded Theory, respectively, to compare evidence from the scientific literature and empirical analysis of the research. The critical elements of telework and the effects on workers were identified to support the proposition of design patterns structured by the CIMO (ContextIntervention-Mechanism-Outcomes) logic. The design patterns were structured into four groups based on the critical elements of telework, their interactions, and effects. Propositions are suggested to address the workstation design, organization of telework, communication and social relations, and definition of resources and technological relations. These propositions not only predict the results on the wellbeing and performance of workers but also reflect in the performance of organizations.