Mediação de conflitos no âmbito da polícia civil do Rio Grande do Sul: a importância da participação das pessoas na resolução de conflitos

Abstract

The present study intends to verify if the mediation of conflicts strengthened the bonds between the community and the police authorities, hopefully for the reduction of the criminality in the places where it was integrated. The research analyzes the theoretical framework of the sociology of conflict, identifies the police stations with the highest number of procedures referred to the Judiciary by the Mediar program in Rio Grande do Sul between 2019 and 2021, investigates the types of crimes most attended by the mediation centers of the Civil Police and examines the social reality of the people who record the occurrences. In addition, compare crime statistics before and after the implementation of conflict mediation, verifying the success of mediation in the most attended cases and assessing whether people's participation in the program achieved the institutional objectives of changing the culture of conflict and promoting understanding of the related parties. The methodology used was a comparative study, using mediation results between 2019 and 2021 compared to previous years, along with the participation of people through the cancellations of the Mediar program. The results indicate that the participation of people in mediation procedures contributed to the reduction of crime in the places and periods in which it was committed, through the adoption of the principles of the program passed on by the civil prisoners involved and the disposition of people in dialogue. In addition, the police stations with the highest number of mediated procedures and the most attended types of crimes were identified, highlighting threat, bodily injury, injury, disturbance of tranquility and incidents. The program achieved a high percentage of success in mediations (70%) and impact in reducing crime statistics in the implementation sites. Most of the people who register the occurrences are residents of peripheral areas that lack quality basic services and have basic or medium educational training. In short, people's participation in the Mediar program is an effective mechanism for reducing crime, strengthening ties between the community and police authorities, through the adoption of the program's principles and individual and collective empowerment, avoiding the need to staying within the justice system and promoting social and cultural change among participants.