Violência institucionalizada na assistência ao parto: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Objective: analyze the scientific production related to institutionalized violence in childbirth care. Method: integrative review, including studies from 2011 to 2021 in Portuguese, English and Spanish in Scientific Electronic Library Online – SciELO, BVS – Virtual Health Library (LILACAS and BDENF) and PubMed, using DeCS and MeSH Obstetric labor, Violence Against women and women. Results: 13 studies were included. The rates of institutionalized violence found were high and, according to the studies presented, they vary according to women's knowledge on the subject and even hierarchization/professional authoritarianism. Currently, one in four women suffers some type of violence within the institutions when giving birth. The most discussed themes were the high rates of unnecessary cesarean sections and unconcentrated procedures, among the most varied forms of obstetric violence mentioned by the study participants, in addition to women who are still unaware of the term. There is a big difference between the rates of institutionalized violence in Brazil and in the world and by type of hospital. Conclusion: the rates of violence practiced within institutions are high, especially in Brazil where there is a high rate of violation of women's rights at the time of childbirth. It is necessary to rescue the physiology of birth in addition to seeking better qualification of professionals. There is a scarcity of studies related to the role of the obstetric nurse in childbirth care and its importance in reducing institutionalized violence rates.