Entendimento sistêmico do programa Pellet Zero/Ocs: desafios e benefícios para a indústria petroquímica e o meio ambiente

Abstract

The degradation of the environment, especially the pollution by garbage in the seas, is a factor of concern for society. Many of the causes for the problem are found in the plastic industry, and this work will approach the production, movement and commercialization of microplastics by the petrochemical industries. The Pellet Zero/OCS Program emerges as a material management tool in the companies' operations, through the containment and reduction of loss, even in the units, of pellets, flakes and powders, the way these products are called in the industry. However, based on a Systematic Literature Review, it was observed that the understanding of its challenges and benefits, from the implementation, are not clear for companies. Thus, the general objective of this work was to provide a systemic understanding of the program for the petrochemical industry and the environment. As it is a complex topic, the Systemic Thinking approach was used, creating a systemic structure capable of elucidating the understanding of the program. Design Science Research was used as a research method, indicating the final systemic structure as an artifact that answers the class of problems in this study. Data collection took place through interviews with professionals from companies in the process of implementing, with a representative of the licensor in Brazil and a specialist in the field. Among the results presented, one of the challenges in the implementation is the change in the employees' mentality to the problem of material loss, which can be aggravated by the lack of commitment of the company's top management. The retention of material in the units appeared as a positive impact both for the company and for the environment, with these practices promote the Circular Economy of products. The internal aspects such as program management and internal dissemination, increase the effectiveness of the program in the company and external factors, linked to joint actions between companies and the sector, strengthen the system as a whole. It was concluded that the results of this research reached the general and specific objectives with the understanding of the program by the systemic structure, reporting challenges, impacts and prescribing actions to raise its effectiveness level in the companies that carry out its implementation.