Medidas compensatórias no plano de prevenção contra incêndio de edificações residenciais existentes de baixo padrão: propostas de menor custo para portas corta-fogo

Abstract

In Brazil, the used demage caused by fire in buildings motivated teh elaborations of laws, rulings and resolutions. Atending the conditions of passive and active fire protection of building stimulated the demand for new systems, materials and equipments, besides projectual requisits. However, in the case of existing buildings, it is not Always possible to adapt them to the current rules. In some existente residential buildings, for example, the stairs are not enclosed, and so, don’t provide security to the users. In this situations, fire doors with adequate fire resistence, apllyied to each unit, can be a compensatory measure. In low standard edifications, the cost for this adaptation can become a problem. This work has as objective propose protective measures that determine at least 30 minutes of fire resistance to conventional low cost wooden doors normally found in in these buildings. For that, lab trials were done in door prototypes using real scale.There were submitted to testing three diferent protection solutions for doors: (a) gypsum board resistente to fire, (b) cement board, (c) polyethylene terephthalate wool insulation with metal board. A usual door without protection was tested, which results were udes as reference. The fire resistence test was realized accorting to na adaption of the procedure described in the NBR 6479 (ABNT, 1992). Lastly, it was verified that among the tested protypes, the only one trhat resisted for 30 minutes was the one which has the application of cement board. This result demonstrates that there are indications of an alternative solutions, of low cost, that can be used in low standard edifications and for the population that has low purchasing power, for adapting conventional wooden doors.