Violência obstétrica e a experiência da maternidade

Abstract

Obstetric violence is a topic that deserves attention, both women, health professionals, as well as the scientific and academic community. This dissertation consists on two empirical studies about obstetric violence and the experience of maternity. The first article aimed to verify the occurrence of obstetric violence in Brazilian women. It was conducted a study of quantitative approach, descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational and predictive range design, using the Birth Violence Questionnaire. Data were collected through online access to the questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS. The participants were 1626 adult women, mean age 31.1 years, primiparous or multiparous, and most from Southern Brazil (51.1%). It was found that the experience of violence in delivery had a weak negative correlation with age (r = -0.131; p = 0.00), educational level (r = -0.160; p = 0.00) and family income (r = -0.244; p = 0.00). Through multiple regression analysis, there were 12 models to obstetric care practices that were significant predictors of birth violence, explaining 34.9% of the experience of violence in childbirth. The second study, qualitative and multiple cases aimed to investigate the experience of maternity in mothers who report having suffered some form of violence during delivery. It was applied an initial screening questionnaire, semi-structured interview and questionnaire with clinical and sociodemographic data. It was evident feelings of ambiguity in mothers in relation to the experience of motherhood, symptoms suggestive of post-partum and post-traumatic stress disorder depression. It is concluded that interventions are needed directed to health professionals attending the birth.