O programa universidade para todos e a conformação do direito humano à educação: um caminho para a equidade social na educação superior brasileira?

Abstract

This thesis has as its theme the University for All Program, PROUNI, with an essential focus on its analysis as a tool for shaping the human right to education reached by the low-income population, which sought to democratize access to university, and to configure the social equity in higher education. The importance of this study is justified due to the failure of multiple alternatives created by the Government to enable students from low-income families to enter higher education, staying there until the end of their studies. In this sense, it was deemed to answer the following problem: does the University for All Program meet the national expectation of democratizing access to higher education, serving as a tool for university educational equity? For that, it was defined as objectives of this work were to investigate the epistemological sense of education, from the understanding of the genesis of education and the purpose of education, as an element of connection and interaction of the individual with the world; examine the meaning and representativeness of the human right to education; identify the PROUNI conformation framework, demarcating its effectiveness as a tool for democratizing access to higher education; and, consider the reach of social equity in the university context, in the first years of the 21st century. Qualitative and quantitative research was used as a methodology, with a case study and analysis of statistical data. To obtain the data processed in the research, documentary and bibliographic sources were used, such as literary works, legislation, scientific articles, theses, dissertations and institutional records of the HEI used as a source of analysis of the effectiveness of PROUNI. As a result of the research, it was observed that despite the merits of the initiative, the requirements of pedagogical indicators, such as the student's good performance, at ENEM, a circumstance influenced by the student's own family background, reveals itself as a considerable obstacle that had prevented PROUNI is established as an effective public educational policy.